de Aquino Sibele Nascimento, Machado Renato Assis, Paranaíba Lívia Máris R, Martelli Daniella Reis B, Popoff Daniela Araújo Veloso, Swerts Mário Sérgio O, Martelli-Júnior Hercílio
School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Oral Diagnostic, Piracicaba Dental School - State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2017 Jan-Apr;7(1):2-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2016.03.002. Epub 2016 Apr 1.
Evaluate the seasonal influence in nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in Brazilian patients.
A case-control study, with 361 unrelated patients with NSCL/P and 481 healthy individuals, was done on a reference service for craniofacial deformities in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Information was collected from clinical records considering gender, month of birth, as well as with the seasons.
Nonparametric tests did not show a seasonal variation in month of birth and in seasons of year of NSCL/P compared to a control group (p = 0.902 and p = 0.679, respectively). A difference in births between the groups was identified only in January, however, was not significant. Moreover, among the control group there were more births in the months of February and August, and for the cleft group, more in July and August. The males were more affected by cleft lip with or without palate (CLP) and the females by isolated cleft palate (CP) manifestation. The ratio of CL:CLP:CP indicated that CLP was predominant when compared with CL and CP, CLP was more frequent in male patients, and CP predominance was seen in females.
This study did not show seasonal differences in births on NSCL/P in a Brazilian group, emphasizing that environmental factors may be related to oral clefts. These results provide a basis for further epidemiological studies of orofacial clefts in Brazil.
评估季节因素对巴西非综合征性唇腭裂（NSCL/P）患者的影响。
在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州一家颅面畸形参考服务机构开展了一项病例对照研究，纳入361例非综合征性唇腭裂患者及481例健康个体。从临床记录中收集有关性别、出生月份以及季节的信息。
与对照组相比，非参数检验未显示非综合征性唇腭裂患者的出生月份及季节存在季节性差异（分别为p = 0.902和p = 0.679）。仅在1月发现两组间出生情况存在差异，但不显著。此外，对照组在2月和8月出生人数较多，唇腭裂组在7月和8月出生人数较多。唇腭裂（CLP）对男性影响更大，孤立性腭裂（CP）对女性影响更大。CL:CLP:CP比例表明，与CL和CP相比，CLP占主导地位，CLP在男性患者中更常见，而CP在女性中占优势。
本研究未显示巴西人群中非综合征性唇腭裂出生情况存在季节性差异，强调环境因素可能与口腔腭裂有关。这些结果为巴西进一步开展口腔颌面裂的流行病学研究提供了依据。
