Vaupel Kristina, Kiefer David, Ramiro Sofia, Kiltz Uta, van Lankveld Wim, Hammel Ludwig, Baraliakos Xenofon
Clinical Science Scholarship, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
J Patient Rep Outcomes. 2025 Jan 9;9(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s41687-024-00828-3.
Patients with Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases, including axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), may suffer from stressors like pain and functional impairments leading to limitations in their self-perceived health status. The COping with Rheumatic Stressors (CORS) questionnaire was developed to analyze how patients cope with these stressors. The CORS is currently not available in German.
First, to translate, cross-culturally adapt and to linguistically validate the original Dutch CORS into German. Second, to test the pre-final German translation through cognitive debriefing in patients with axSpA.
The original Dutch CORS underwent a multistep cross-cultural adaptation process, as described by Beaton. It was first independently translated into German by bilingual Dutch-German lay and expert translators. Subsequently, it was translated back from the German version into Dutch. Remaining discrepancies were resolved by a scientific committee, resulting in a pre-final German version. This version was then tested through cognitive debriefing by 10 patients with axSpA across a broad spectrum of sociodemographic backgrounds.
Forward and backward translations of the CORS revealed minor discrepancies, mainly based on the degree of formal versus informal language usage, minor semantic errors or unusual syntax, which led to minor modifications in the wording. Reviewed by the scientific committee, the pre-final consensus German version was linguistically validated by cognitive debriefing by 10 patients with axSpA. Cognitive debriefing confirmed and ensured closest linguistic validity for German in Germany and highest equivalence to the Dutch original version.
The German CORS was shown to have high cross-cultural and face validity for the assessment of coping with rheumatic stressors.
患有风湿性和肌肉骨骼疾病的患者，包括中轴型脊柱关节炎（axSpA），可能会遭受疼痛和功能障碍等应激源，导致其自我感知健康状况受到限制。应对风湿性应激源（CORS）问卷旨在分析患者如何应对这些应激源。目前尚无德语版的CORS问卷。
第一，将原始荷兰语版CORS问卷翻译、进行跨文化调适并在语言上验证为德语版。第二，通过对axSpA患者进行认知访谈来测试德语预终版问卷。
原始荷兰语版CORS问卷按照Beaton所述进行了多步骤跨文化调适过程。首先由荷兰语-德语双语的非专业和专业翻译人员独立将其翻译成德语。随后，再从德语版翻译回荷兰语。其余差异由一个科学委员会解决，形成德语预终版。然后通过对10名具有广泛社会人口统计学背景的axSpA患者进行认知访谈来测试该版本。
CORS问卷的正向和反向翻译显示出一些小差异，主要基于正式与非正式语言使用程度、轻微语义错误或不寻常句法，这导致了措辞上的小修改。经科学委员会审核，德语预终版共识问卷通过对10名axSpA患者进行认知访谈在语言上得到了验证。认知访谈确认并确保了德语版在德国具有最接近的语言效度，且与荷兰语原版具有最高的等效性。
德语版CORS问卷在评估应对风湿性应激源方面具有较高的跨文化效度和表面效度。
