Hegedüs L, Karstrup S, Veiergang D, Jacobsen B, Skovsted L, Feldt-Rasmussen U
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1985 Mar;22(3):287-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb03242.x.
Thyroid function, the clinical occurrence of goitre and ultrasonically determined thyroid gland volume were investigated in 219 healthy subjects randomly chosen from hospital employees. Thirty-five subjects (16%) had a clinically detectable goitre. The frequency of goitre among smokers was higher (32 of 107, 30%) than among non-smokers (3 of 112, 3%), (P less than 0.001). Median thyroid volume was significantly higher in smokers, 26 ml (range 11-55 ml), compared with non-smokers, 15 ml (range 8-37 ml), (P less than 0.001). The median serum thyroglobulin levels were significantly higher and median serum thyrotropin levels lower in smokers compared with non-smokers. There were no differences between the groups regarding serum levels of T4, T3, rT3, free T4 index, free T3 index, thyroglobulin antibodies and 131I uptake (24 h) in the thyroid gland. It is suggested that these findings could partly be due to inhaled thiocyanate and/or increased adrenergic stimulation of the thyroid gland in smokers.
对从医院员工中随机选取的219名健康受试者的甲状腺功能、甲状腺肿的临床发生率以及超声测定的甲状腺体积进行了研究。35名受试者（16%）有临床可检测到的甲状腺肿。吸烟者中甲状腺肿的发生率（107名中的32名，30%）高于非吸烟者（112名中的3名，3%），（P<0.001）。吸烟者的甲状腺体积中位数显著更高，为26毫升（范围11 - 55毫升），而非吸烟者为15毫升（范围8 - 37毫升），（P<0.001）。与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者的血清甲状腺球蛋白水平中位数显著更高，血清促甲状腺激素水平中位数更低。两组在血清T4、T3、反T3、游离T4指数、游离T3指数、甲状腺球蛋白抗体以及甲状腺131I摄取（24小时）水平方面无差异。提示这些发现部分可能归因于吸烟者吸入的硫氰酸盐和/或甲状腺腺上增加的肾上腺素能刺激。
