Badillo-Sánchez Nadine, Gómez-Salgado Juan, Allande-Cussó Regina, Yildirim Murat, López-López Daniel, Goniewicz Krzysztof, Prieto-Callejero Blanca, Fagundo-Rivera Javier
School of Doctorate, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jan 10;104(2):e40797. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040797.
There is an increased prevalence of mental health problems in various population groups as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, especially regarding anxiety, stress, depression, fear, and sleep disturbances, require to be investigated longitudinally.
This study aimed to determine the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the mental health of Nursing students, as well as to examine other associated factors such as anxiety, fear, sleep disturbances, and coping strategies.
This systematic review and meta-analysis were designed following the PRISMA guidelines and were registered in PROSPERO with code CRD42024541904. PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus electronic databases were utilized. Keywords indexed in the MeSH thesaurus were used (COVID-19, nurs* student and mental health), following the Condition Context Population (CoCoPop) strategy. A total of 3866 studies were obtained of which 36 were selected for inclusion in the review. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected studies, all of which were cross-sectional, finally including those with a cutoff point equal to or greater than 4 out of 8.
The prevalence of total anxiety was found to be 33.6% in the meta-analysis. For depression, the prevalence was 37.92%, and for stress, it was 52.46%. The results of this study show increased levels of stress, anxiety, depression, fear, and sleep disturbances among Nursing students that coincide with the different waves of the pandemic, changes in the study methodology, and the increase or decrease in reports of cases of infection. A relationship is observed between variations in these variables and the implementation of protective measures and vaccinations in different countries.
As the pandemic progressed, hygiene and prevention measures became more effective, and the lethality of the virus decreased. The prevalence of the negative psychological effects also decreased from the onset in 2020 until the end of 2022. Due to the impact of the pandemic on global health, preventive measures should include personal, family, emotional, economic, educational, professional, and mental health approaches.
由于新冠疫情及其后果，各类人群中心理健康问题的患病率有所上升，尤其是焦虑、压力、抑郁、恐惧和睡眠障碍，需要进行纵向调查。
本研究旨在确定新冠疫情对护理专业学生心理健康的影响，并研究其他相关因素，如焦虑、恐惧、睡眠障碍和应对策略。
本系统评价和荟萃分析遵循PRISMA指南设计，并在PROSPERO中注册，注册号为CRD42024541904。使用了PubMed、科学网、CINAHL和Scopus电子数据库。按照疾病背景人群（CoCoPop）策略，使用医学主题词表（MeSH）索引的关键词（新冠病毒、护理专业学生和心理健康）。共获得3866项研究，其中36项被选入本综述。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评价工具评估所选研究的方法学质量，所有研究均为横断面研究，最终纳入那些在8项标准中得分等于或大于4分的研究。
荟萃分析发现，总体焦虑患病率为33.6%。抑郁症患病率为37.92%，压力患病率为52.46%。本研究结果显示，护理专业学生的压力、焦虑、抑郁、恐惧和睡眠障碍水平有所增加，这与疫情的不同阶段、研究方法的变化以及感染病例报告的增加或减少相一致。观察到这些变量的变化与不同国家实施的保护措施和疫苗接种之间存在关联。
随着疫情的发展，卫生和预防措施变得更加有效，病毒的致死率下降。负面心理影响的患病率也从2020年初到2022年底有所下降。由于疫情对全球健康的影响，预防措施应包括个人、家庭、情感、经济、教育、专业和心理健康方面的方法。
