Jampuram Harshavardhan, Mahendra Aneet, Gupta Sanjeev
Dermatology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ambala, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 10;16(12):e75503. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75503. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Background Cosmetics have become an integral part of the contemporary lifestyle. Contact dermatitis (CD) is an inflammatory skin disease resulting from exposure to an external chemical present in cosmetics. A patch test is considered the criterion standard method for detecting CD. CD has been demonstrated to be detrimental to the quality of life (QoL). Objective The present study aims to investigate the clinical-epidemiological profile of CD and identify the possible allergens involved in it through patch testing. We also aim to assess the impact of QoL on patients presenting with CD. Methodology A total of 65 patients with CD were enrolled in the study. A comprehensive history of cosmetic products was obtained, along with dermatological and systemic examination. Patch testing was done to identify possible allergens with the Indian Cosmetic and Fragrance series and allergens from the Indian Standard Battery as and when required. A quality-of-life assessment was done using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. Results The mean age of the patients was 43.2 ± 11.9 years, with a high preponderance of females (40; 61.5%). The most common cosmetic used was hair dye (45; 69.2%), followed by moisturizer/lotion/cream (23; 35.4%) and soap/shampoo/cleanser (16; 24.6%). The most prevalent site of allergy was the face (53; 81.5%), followed by the scalp (35; 53.8%), eyelids (33; 50.8%), and neck (22; 33.8%). The most common allergen was para-phenylenediamine (22; 33.8%), followed by fragrance mix (10; 15.4%) and Kathon CG (methylchloroisothiazolinone + methylisothiazolinone) (8; 12.3%). The mean DLQI score was 8.61 ± 5.36. Most patients had mild to moderate DLQI scores (45; 69.2%). Conclusion The present study was a prospective study that analyzed the clinical-epidemiological profile and impairment of QoL in CD. We identified the possible allergens involved in cosmetic CD by patch testing with the Indian cosmetic and fragrance series. We also assessed the impact on the quality of life in patients with cosmetic dermatitis. Further multicentric studies with ample sample sizes are required to validate the findings of this study.
背景 化妆品已成为当代生活方式中不可或缺的一部分。接触性皮炎（CD）是一种因接触化妆品中存在的外部化学物质而引发的炎症性皮肤病。斑贴试验被认为是检测接触性皮炎的标准方法。接触性皮炎已被证明会对生活质量（QoL）产生不利影响。目的 本研究旨在调查接触性皮炎的临床流行病学特征，并通过斑贴试验确定其中可能涉及的过敏原。我们还旨在评估生活质量对患有接触性皮炎患者的影响。方法 本研究共纳入65例接触性皮炎患者。获取了化妆品使用的全面病史，同时进行了皮肤科和全身检查。根据需要，使用印度化妆品和香料系列以及印度标准组合中的过敏原进行斑贴试验，以确定可能的过敏原。使用皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）问卷进行生活质量评估。结果 患者的平均年龄为43.2±11.9岁，女性占比很高（40例；61.5%）。最常用的化妆品是染发剂（45例；69.2%），其次是保湿霜/乳液/面霜（23例；35.4%）和肥皂/洗发水/清洁剂（16例；24.6%）。最常见的过敏部位是面部（53例；81.5%），其次是头皮（35例；53.8%）、眼睑（33例；50.8%）和颈部（22例；33.8%）。最常见的过敏原是对苯二胺（22例；33.8%），其次是香料混合物（10例；15.4%）和凯松CG（甲基氯异噻唑啉酮+甲基异噻唑啉酮）（8例；12.3%）。平均DLQI评分为8.61±5.36。大多数患者的DLQI评分轻度至中度（45例；69.2%）。结论 本研究是一项前瞻性研究，分析了接触性皮炎的临床流行病学特征和生活质量损害情况。我们通过使用印度化妆品和香料系列进行斑贴试验，确定了化妆品接触性皮炎中可能涉及的过敏原。我们还评估了对化妆品皮炎患者生活质量的影响。需要进一步开展多中心、大样本量的研究来验证本研究的结果。
