Abed Elham Maghareh, Yazdian Fatemeh, Sepahi Abbas Akhavan, Rasekh Behnam
Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biological Sciences North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran.
Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of New Science and Technologies University of Tehran Tehran Iran.
Eng Life Sci. 2025 Jan 19;25(1):e202400038. doi: 10.1002/elsc.202400038. eCollection 2025 Jan.
The development of an effective and rapid method for healing the skin is of crucial importance. In this study, we prepared a porous scaffold made of polycaprolactone (PCL) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs), Fe, and Chitosan (Cs) as the scaffold core to cover the skin. Then evaluated antibacterial, biocompatibility, and wound healing properties as well as the expression of genes effective in wound healing. The PCL/Cs/CQD-Fe scaffold was synthesized via electrospinning and was evaluated of morphology, functional groups, and structure through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The viability of the L929 fibroblast stem cells was obtained. The antibacterial effect, biocompatibility, and wound healing efficiency of the scaffold were investigated through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and tissue analysis. The relative expression of genes platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) was assessed through RT-PCR. The results of SEM showed the successful integration of the PCL scaffold with CQD-Fe and Cs. The mean size of PCL/Cs/CQD-Fe nanocomposite was in the range of 0.135-32.6 nm. The results of FTIR showed the formation of a link between CQD nanoparticles and Fe. The vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) proved the super para magnetism of the CQD-Fe magnetic nanoparticles (0.38 emu/g). The MIC of Cs/CQD-Fe against and bacteria was 0.08 and 0.04 µg/mL, respectively. The mean expression of genes TGF-β and PDGF in the nanocomposite group were 0.05 and 0.015 on day 5 and 0.18 and 0.34 on day 15 and significantly increased after 15 days, whereas the mean expression of MMP1 in the nanocomposite group was 0.63 on day 5 and 0.12 on day 15 and significantly decreased after 15 days. According to the histological analysis, the thickest layer on Day 15 pertained to the nanocomposite group. Our findings indicated that PCL/Cs/CQD-Fe can improve skin regeneration due to its antibacterial effect, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. This biocompatible nanocomposite is a scaffold that can be used for covering the skin.
开发一种有效且快速的皮肤愈合方法至关重要。在本研究中，我们制备了一种由聚己内酯（PCL）、碳量子点（CQD）、铁（Fe）和壳聚糖（Cs）制成的多孔支架作为支架核心来覆盖皮肤。然后评估其抗菌、生物相容性、伤口愈合特性以及在伤口愈合中起作用的基因的表达。PCL/Cs/CQD-Fe支架通过静电纺丝合成，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）对其形态、官能团和结构进行评估。获得了L929成纤维干细胞的活力。通过最低抑菌浓度（MIC）、3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）和组织分析研究了支架的抗菌效果、生物相容性和伤口愈合效率。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）评估血小板衍生生长因子（PDGF）、转化生长因子β（TGF-β）和基质金属蛋白酶-1（MMP1）基因的相对表达。SEM结果表明PCL支架与CQD-Fe和Cs成功整合。PCL/Cs/CQD-Fe纳米复合材料的平均尺寸在0.135-32.6纳米范围内。FTIR结果表明CQD纳米颗粒与铁之间形成了连接。振动样品磁强计（VSM）证明了CQD-Fe磁性纳米颗粒的超顺磁性（0.38 emu/g）。Cs/CQD-Fe对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的MIC分别为0.08和0.04 μg/mL。纳米复合材料组中TGF-β和PDGF基因在第5天的平均表达分别为0.05和0.015，在第15天为0.18和0.34，15天后显著增加，而纳米复合材料组中MMP1基因在第5天的平均表达为0.63，在第15天为0.12，15天后显著下降。根据组织学分析，第15天最厚的层属于纳米复合材料组。我们的研究结果表明，PCL/Cs/CQD-Fe因其抗菌效果、生物相容性和无毒性可促进皮肤再生。这种生物相容性纳米复合材料是一种可用于覆盖皮肤的支架。
