Virdi Vinny, Singh Jagriti, Sharma Rolee, Verma Dipesh Kumar
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh India.
3 Biotech. 2025 Feb;15(2):48. doi: 10.1007/s13205-024-04205-1. Epub 2025 Jan 20.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death in the world, despite being a preventable and curable disease. Irrespective of tremendous advancements in early detection and treatment, this disease still has high mortality rates. This is due to the development of antibiotic resistance, which significantly reduced the efficacy of antibiotics, rendering them useless against this bacterial infection. This, in turn, causes immune system evasion, antibiotic treatment failures, and recurrence of disease in patients. Regarding this, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) may serve as a useful substitute for antibiotic therapy against drug-resistant . This century-old therapy is already being used in cancer treatment, dentistry, and skeletal and cardiovascular diseases, but it is not yet used in tuberculosis treatment. Researchers have previously used PDI to eradicate other members of the genus in both in vitro and in vivo settings. This suggests PDI can be explored against too. The one limitation associated with PDI is the use of chemical photosensitizers, which are fatal to normal tissues and induce side effects. Recent studies suggest herbal photosensitizers are equally potent as chemically synthesized ones. Therefore, herbal photosensitizers could be used to solve the problem because of their less toxicity to healthy tissues and decreased frequency of side effects. This review emphasizes the importance of herbal photosensitizers and their role as anti-tuberculosis drugs in PDI therapy and also presents five potential herbal photosensitizers-curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, aloe emodin, and phloretin that could be utilized in the clinical development of PDT-mediated tuberculosis therapies.
结核病（TB）是世界主要死因之一，尽管它是一种可预防和可治愈的疾病。尽管在早期检测和治疗方面取得了巨大进展，但这种疾病的死亡率仍然很高。这是由于抗生素耐药性的发展，这显著降低了抗生素的疗效，使其对这种细菌感染无效。这反过来又导致免疫系统逃避、抗生素治疗失败以及患者疾病复发。关于这一点，光动力灭活（PDI）可能作为一种有用的替代方法来对抗耐药性结核病。这种有百年历史的疗法已被用于癌症治疗、牙科以及骨骼和心血管疾病，但尚未用于结核病治疗。研究人员此前已在体外和体内环境中使用PDI根除该属的其他成员。这表明PDI也可用于对抗结核杆菌。与PDI相关的一个限制是使用化学光敏剂，它们对正常组织是致命的并会引起副作用。最近的研究表明，草药光敏剂与化学合成的光敏剂同样有效。因此，草药光敏剂可用于解决这个问题，因为它们对健康组织的毒性较小且副作用频率较低。本综述强调了草药光敏剂的重要性及其在PDI治疗中作为抗结核药物的作用，并介绍了五种潜在的草药光敏剂——姜黄素、槲皮素、白藜芦醇、芦荟大黄素和根皮素，它们可用于PDT介导的结核病治疗的临床开发。
