Pu Huili, Yang Jiao, Keyhani Nemat O, Yang Lixia, Zheng Minhai, Qiu Chenghao, Mao Yuchen, Shang Junya, Lin Yongsheng, Xiong Chengjie, Lin Longbing, Lai Pengyu, Huang Yanbin, Yuan Xin, Liang Huiling, Fan Longfei, Ma Xiaoli, Qiu Chunjin, Qiu Junzhi
State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jan 2;11(1):28. doi: 10.3390/jof11010028.
The Cordycipitaceae family of insecticidal fungi is widely distributed in nature, is the most complex in the order Hypocreales (Ascomycota), with members displaying a diversity of morphological characteristics and insect host ranges. Based on Bayesian evolutionary analysis of five genomic loci(the small subunit of ribosomal RNA (SSU) gene, the large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU) gene, the translation elongation factor 1-α () gene, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (), we inferred the divergence times for members of the Cordycipitaceae, improving the internal phylogeny of this fungal family. Molecular clock analyses indicate that the ancestor of occurred in the Paleogene period (34.57 Mya, 95% HPD: 31.41-37.67 Mya), and that most species appeared in the Neogene period. The historical biogeography of was reconstructed using reconstructing ancestral state in phylogenies (RASP) analysis, indicating that it most likely originated in Asia. Combined morphological characterization and phylogenetic analyses were used to identify and taxonomically place five species within Cordycipitaceae. These include the following: (i) two new species, namely sp. nov. and sp. nov., (ii) a new record species isolated from infected Lepidopteran host, , (iii) a new record species in the genus , with -like asexual morphs, namely , isolated from dipteran insects (flies), and (iv) a known species of the (hyper-) mycoparasite, , isolated from the fungus (Ophiocordycipitaceae) growing on a dipteran host. Our data provide a significant addition to the diversity, ecology, and evolutionary aspects of the Cordycipitaceae.
虫草科杀虫真菌广泛分布于自然界，是肉座菌目（子囊菌门）中最为复杂的类群，其成员表现出多样的形态特征和昆虫寄主范围。基于对五个基因组位点（核糖体RNA小亚基（SSU）基因、核糖体RNA大亚基（LSU）基因、翻译延伸因子1-α（ ）基因、RNA聚合酶II最大亚基（ ）以及RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基（ ））的贝叶斯进化分析，我们推断了虫草科成员的分歧时间，完善了该真菌家族的内部系统发育。分子钟分析表明， 的祖先出现在古近纪时期（3457万年前，95%最高后验密度区间：3141 - 3767万年前），且大多数物种出现在新近纪时期。利用系统发育中祖先状态重建（RASP）分析重建了 的历史生物地理学，表明它最有可能起源于亚洲。结合形态特征和系统发育分析对虫草科内的五个物种进行了鉴定和分类定位。这些物种包括：（i）两个新物种，即 新种和 新种；（ii）从受感染鳞翅目寄主分离出的新记录物种 ；（iii） 属的一个新记录物种，具有类似 的无性型，即 ，从双翅目昆虫（苍蝇）中分离得到；（iv）一种已知的（超）真菌寄生菌 ，从生长在双翅目寄主上的真菌 （蛇形虫草科）中分离得到。我们的数据为虫草科的多样性、生态学和进化方面增添了重要内容。
