Kosmeri Chrysoula, Klapas Achilleas, Evripidou Nikolas, Kantza Evanthia, Serbis Anastasios, Siomou Ekaterini, Ladomenou Fani
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece.
Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavrou Niarchou Street, 45500 Ioannina, Greece.
Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Jan 9;13(1):50. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13010050.
: The etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains an area of active research, with genetic and environmental factors being investigated. This meta-analysis aimed to determine if rotavirus vaccination influences the onset of T1D in children. : Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, two researchers independently searched multiple databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, for studies published in English from 2006 to September 2024. They used the search terms "rotavirus vaccination" and "type 1 diabetes", and assessed study quality using the ROBINS-E tool. The analysis pooled hazard ratios (HRs) from selected studies using a fixed-effects model, with statistical significance set at < 0.05 and heterogeneity evaluated using the I statistic. : A systematic search identified 90 records, of which 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies, encompassing a total population of 4,427,291 children from developed countries, suggest a protective effect of rotavirus vaccination against T1D. The pooled HR was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78-0.98), indicating a 13% lower risk of T1D in vaccinated children compared to unvaccinated ones ( = 0.03). Moderate heterogeneity was noted (χ = 10.02, df = 4, = 0.04, I = 60%). : This analysis suggests that rotavirus vaccination may reduce the risk of T1D in children from high-income Western countries. While these findings are promising, they may not be generalizable to settings outside similar advanced healthcare systems. Further research is needed to confirm the protective effects of rotavirus vaccination against T1D across diverse populations.
1型糖尿病（T1D）的病因仍是一个活跃的研究领域，目前正在对遗传和环境因素进行调查。这项荟萃分析旨在确定轮状病毒疫苗接种是否会影响儿童T1D的发病。
按照PRISMA 2020指南，两名研究人员独立检索了多个数据库，包括PubMed和谷歌学术，以查找2006年至2024年9月以英文发表的研究。他们使用了“轮状病毒疫苗接种”和“1型糖尿病”作为检索词，并使用ROBINS-E工具评估研究质量。该分析使用固定效应模型汇总所选研究的风险比（HRs），设定统计学显著性为<0.05，并使用I统计量评估异质性。
系统检索确定了90条记录，其中5项研究符合纳入标准。这些研究涵盖了来自发达国家的4427291名儿童，表明轮状病毒疫苗接种对T1D有保护作用。汇总后的HR为0.87（95%CI：0.78 - 0.98），表明接种疫苗的儿童患T1D的风险比未接种疫苗的儿童低13%（P = 0.03）。观察到中度异质性（χ² = 10.02，df = 4，P = 0.04，I² = 60%）。
该分析表明，轮状病毒疫苗接种可能会降低西方高收入国家儿童患T1D的风险。虽然这些发现很有前景，但它们可能不适用于类似先进医疗系统之外的环境。需要进一步研究以确认轮状病毒疫苗接种对不同人群T1D的保护作用。
