Benitez Alain J, Tanes Ceylan, Friedman Elliot S, Zackular Joseph P, Ford Eileen, Gerber Jeffrey S, DeRusso Patricia A, Kelly Andrea, Li Hongzhe, Elovitz Michal A, Wu Gary D, Zemel Babette, Bittinger Kyle
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Microbiome. 2025 Jan 24;13(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01999-3.
The evolving infant gut microbiome influences host immune development and later health outcomes. Early antibiotic exposure could impact microbiome development and contribute to poor outcomes. Here, we use a prospective longitudinal birth cohort of n = 323 healthy term African American children to determine the association between antibiotic exposure and the gut microbiome through shotgun metagenomics sequencing as well as bile acid profiles through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Stool samples were collected at ages 4, 12, and 24 months for antibiotic-exposed (n = 170) and unexposed (n = 153) participants. A short-term substudy (n = 39) collected stool samples at first exposure, and over 3 weeks following antibiotics initiation. Antibiotic exposure (predominantly amoxicillin) was associated with minimal microbiome differences, whereas all tested taxa were modified by breastfeeding. In the short-term substudy, we observed microbiome differences only in the first 2 weeks following antibiotics initiation, mainly a decrease in Bifidobacterium bifidum. The differences did not persist a month after antibiotic exposure. Four species were associated with infant age. Antibiotic exposure was not associated with an increase in antibiotic resistance gene abundance or with differences in microbiome-derived fecal bile acid composition.
Short-term and long-term gut microbiome perturbations by antibiotic exposure were detectable but substantially smaller than those associated with breastfeeding and infant age.
不断演变的婴儿肠道微生物群会影响宿主免疫发育及后续健康状况。早期接触抗生素可能会影响微生物群的发育，并导致不良后果。在此，我们利用一个有n = 323名健康足月非裔美国儿童的前瞻性纵向出生队列，通过鸟枪法宏基因组测序来确定抗生素暴露与肠道微生物群之间的关联，并通过液相色谱-质谱法测定胆汁酸谱。
在4、12和24个月时，分别收集了接触抗生素（n = 170）和未接触抗生素（n = 153）的参与者的粪便样本。一项短期子研究（n = 39）在首次接触抗生素时以及抗生素开始使用后的3周内收集了粪便样本。抗生素暴露（主要是阿莫西林）与微生物群的微小差异有关，而所有检测的分类群都受到母乳喂养的影响。在短期子研究中，我们仅在抗生素开始使用后的前2周观察到微生物群的差异，主要是双歧双歧杆菌的减少。这些差异在抗生素暴露一个月后并未持续存在。有四个物种与婴儿年龄有关。抗生素暴露与抗生素抗性基因丰度的增加或微生物群衍生的粪便胆汁酸组成的差异无关。
抗生素暴露对肠道微生物群的短期和长期扰动是可检测到的，但远小于与母乳喂养和婴儿年龄相关的扰动。
