Muti Lucrezia, Nascimento Luana Beatriz Dos Santos, Goracci Giulia, Detti Cassandra, Brunetti Cecilia, Bilia Anna Rita, Ferrini Francesco, Gori Antonella
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
Molecules. 2025 Jan 9;30(2):237. doi: 10.3390/molecules30020237.
L., commonly known as the mastic tree or lentisk, is a woody Mediterranean plant revered for its ecological relevance as well as for its extensive ethnobotanical heritage. Historically, the fruits and the resin of have been widely utilized in traditional medicine, underscoring its important role in local healing practices. Given these properties, this study explored an innovative approach to efficiently extract anthocyanins and flavonols from oilcakes utilizing ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) as an alternative to conventional solvent extraction. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) were used to identify and quantify the anthocyanins and flavonols, revealing the successful extraction of eight distinct anthocyanins and twenty flavonols. A Fractional Factorial Design (FFD) followed by a Box-Behnken design (BBD) were applied to optimize the yield of anthocyanins and flavonols. The optimal extraction conditions found were to be an extraction time of 15 min with 70% ethanol as the solvent and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 0.012 L g, which resulted in a maximum extraction yield of 19.78 mg g dry extract for the Total Flavonol Content and over 25.4 mg g dry extract for the Total Flavonol and Anthocyanin Content. By elucidating the optimal conditions for extracting anthocyanins and flavonol glycosides, this study opens promising avenues for utilizing oilcake by-products, supporting sustainable practices, and advancing the valorization of Mediterranean bio-resources for health-promoting applications.
L.，通常被称为乳香黄连木或乳香树，是一种木质的地中海植物，因其生态相关性以及丰富的民族植物学遗产而备受推崇。历史上，L.的果实和树脂在传统医学中被广泛应用，凸显了其在当地治疗实践中的重要作用。鉴于这些特性，本研究探索了一种创新方法，利用超声辅助提取（UAE）作为传统溶剂提取的替代方法，从L.油饼中高效提取花青素和黄酮醇。采用液相色谱 - 质谱联用（LC - MS）和带二极管阵列检测的高效液相色谱（HPLC - DAD）来鉴定和定量花青素和黄酮醇，结果显示成功提取了八种不同的花青素和二十种黄酮醇。应用析因设计（FFD）随后进行Box - Behnken设计（BBD）来优化花青素和黄酮醇的产量。发现的最佳提取条件为：提取时间15分钟，以70%乙醇为溶剂，液固比为0.012 L/g，这使得总黄酮醇含量的最大提取产率为19.78 mg/g干提取物，总黄酮醇和花青素含量超过25.4 mg/g干提取物。通过阐明提取花青素和黄酮醇糖苷的最佳条件，本研究为利用L.油饼副产品、支持可持续实践以及推动地中海生物资源在促进健康应用方面的增值开辟了广阔前景。
