Kordahi Melissa C, Daniel Noëmie, Gewirtz Andrew T, Chassaing Benoit
Microbiome-Host Interactions, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1306, CNRS UMR6047, Paris, France.
Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Gut Microbes. 2025 Dec;17(1):2455790. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2455790. Epub 2025 Jan 26.
Metabolic syndrome is, in humans, associated with alterations in the composition and localization of the intestinal microbiota, including encroachment of bacteria within the colon's inner mucus layer. Possible promoters of these events include dietary emulsifiers, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polysorbate-80 (P80), which, in mice, result in altered microbiota composition, encroachment, low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome. While assessments of gut microbiota composition have largely focused on fecal/luminal samples, we hypothesize an outsized role for changes in mucus microbiota in driving low-grade inflammation and its consequences. In support of this notion, we herein report that both CMC and P80 led to stark changes in the mucus microbiome, markedly distinct from those observed in feces. Moreover, transfer of mucus microbiota from CMC- and P80-fed mice to germfree mice resulted in microbiota encroachment, low-grade inflammation, and various features of metabolic syndrome. Thus, we conclude that mucus-associated bacteria are pivotal determinants of intestinal inflammatory tone and host metabolism.
在人类中，代谢综合征与肠道微生物群的组成和定位改变有关，包括细菌侵入结肠内黏液层。这些事件的可能促进因素包括膳食乳化剂，如羧甲基纤维素（CMC）和聚山梨酯80（P80），在小鼠中，它们会导致微生物群组成改变、细菌侵入、低度炎症和代谢综合征。虽然对肠道微生物群组成的评估主要集中在粪便/肠腔样本上，但我们推测黏液微生物群的变化在引发低度炎症及其后果方面起着巨大作用。为支持这一观点，我们在此报告，CMC和P80均导致黏液微生物组发生显著变化，与在粪便中观察到的变化明显不同。此外，将来自喂食CMC和P80小鼠的黏液微生物群转移到无菌小鼠体内，会导致微生物群侵入、低度炎症和代谢综合征的各种特征。因此，我们得出结论，与黏液相关的细菌是肠道炎症状态和宿主代谢的关键决定因素。
