Ren Ya, Chen Mingxu, Wang Ziyang, Han Jing-Dong J
Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
Life Med. 2024 Jun 28;3(3):lnae024. doi: 10.1093/lifemedi/lnae024. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Human microbiomes are microbial populations that form a symbiotic relationship with humans. There are up to 1000 species on the surface of human skin and mucosal system, among which gut microbiota attracts the most interest. As the beginning of the digestive tract, oral cavity is also an important microbial habitat in the human body which is the first line of defense against pathogens entering the body. Many studies have revealed that oral microbial dysbiosis could not only contribute to oral diseases but also whole-body systemic diseases and health status. Oral microorganisms can enter the gastrointestinal tract with saliva and food, or enter the blood circulation through mouth breakage, thus causing systemic inflammation and aging-related diseases including some causal links to Alzheimer's disease. A series of changes take place in oral microbial composition during development, with different age stages marked by different dominant microbial species. Despite a lack of comprehensive studies on aging oral microbiota, through systemic inflammation, oral pathogenic microbes are likely to contribute inflammatory aging. As inflammaging is a key signature and one of the causes for accelerated aging, improving the structure of oral microbiome may be not only a new strategy for disease prevention and treatment, but also for aging intervention.
人类微生物群是与人类形成共生关系的微生物群体。人类皮肤和黏膜系统表面存在多达1000种物种，其中肠道微生物群最受关注。口腔作为消化道的起始部位，也是人体重要的微生物栖息地，是抵御病原体进入人体的第一道防线。许多研究表明，口腔微生物失调不仅会导致口腔疾病，还会影响全身系统性疾病和健康状况。口腔微生物可随唾液和食物进入胃肠道，或通过口腔破损进入血液循环，从而引发全身炎症和与衰老相关的疾病，包括与阿尔茨海默病的一些因果联系。在发育过程中，口腔微生物组成会发生一系列变化，不同年龄阶段以不同的优势微生物种类为特征。尽管对衰老口腔微生物群缺乏全面研究，但通过全身炎症，口腔致病微生物可能会导致炎症性衰老。由于炎症衰老加速是加速衰老的关键特征和原因之一，改善口腔微生物组结构可能不仅是疾病防治的新策略，也是衰老干预的新策略。
