Haugen Håvard J, Bueno Jaime, Hussain Badra, Osorio Raquel, Sanz Mariano
Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
J Appl Biomater Funct Mater. 2025 Jan-Dec;23:22808000251313948. doi: 10.1177/22808000251313948.
Peri-implant diseases, such as peri-implantitis, affect up to 47% of dental implant recipients, primarily due to biofilm formation. Current decontamination methods vary in efficacy, prompting interest in polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for their antimicrobial and protein-specific cleaning properties. This study evaluated the efficacy of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) in decontaminating titanium dental implants by removing proteinaceous pellicle layers and resisting recontamination. Titanium discs were treated with saline water, PrefGel, hydrogen peroxide (HO), GUM Paroex, or polymeric NPs, and analysed using SEM, EDX, XPS, and contact angle measurements to assess changes in surface composition, morphology, and hydrophilicity. Polymeric NPs significantly reduced nitrogen levels compared to PrefGel® (mean reduction: 2.6%, < 0.05), indicating effective protein removal. However, their carbon reduction efficacy was similar to that of other agents. SEM images revealed that polymeric NPs disaggregated larger protein aggregates but did not fully decontaminate the surface. Contact angle analysis showed changes in hydrophilicity consistent with other treatments. Hydrogen peroxide performed best overall, achieving the lowest carbon levels post-recontamination (mean reduction: 13%, < 0.01). While polymeric NPs exhibited unique protein-specific cleaning potential, their overall performance was comparable to traditional agents. Residual contaminants, including carbon and oxygen, persisted on all treated surfaces, indicating enhanced cleaning strategies were needed. These findings highlight the potential of polymeric NPs as an innovative approach to implant decontamination, particularly for protein-specific biofilm control. However, their efficacy in broader applications remains like that of conventional methods. This research contributes to developing targeted decontamination protocols to manage peri-implant diseases and improve long-term implant outcomes.
种植体周围疾病，如种植体周炎，影响着高达47%的牙种植体接受者，主要原因是生物膜的形成。目前的去污方法在效果上各不相同，这引发了人们对聚合物纳米颗粒（NPs）的兴趣，因为它们具有抗菌和针对蛋白质的清洁特性。本研究评估了聚合物纳米颗粒（NPs）通过去除蛋白质薄膜层和抵抗再污染来净化钛制牙种植体的效果。用盐水、PrefGel、过氧化氢（HO）、GUM Paroex或聚合物纳米颗粒处理钛盘，并使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDX）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）和接触角测量进行分析，以评估表面成分、形态和亲水性的变化。与PrefGel®相比，聚合物纳米颗粒显著降低了氮含量（平均降低：2.6%，<0.05），表明有效去除了蛋白质。然而，它们的碳减少效果与其他试剂相似。扫描电子显微镜图像显示，聚合物纳米颗粒使较大的蛋白质聚集体解体，但没有完全净化表面。接触角分析表明亲水性变化与其他处理一致。过氧化氢总体表现最佳，再污染后碳含量最低（平均降低：13%，<0.01）。虽然聚合物纳米颗粒表现出独特的针对蛋白质的清洁潜力，但其总体性能与传统试剂相当。包括碳和氧在内的残留污染物在所有处理过的表面上仍然存在，这表明需要改进清洁策略。这些发现突出了聚合物纳米颗粒作为一种创新的种植体去污方法的潜力，特别是对于针对蛋白质的生物膜控制。然而，它们在更广泛应用中的效果仍与传统方法类似。这项研究有助于制定有针对性的去污方案，以管理种植体周围疾病并改善种植体的长期效果。
