Ahmed Abdirahman, Mohammed Abdulkarim, Ateye Mahamed Dol, Abdusamed Saleha
Department of Human Nutrition, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Jan 31;25(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07153-7.
Maternal malnutrition, particularly among adolescent pregnant women, is a significant public health issue globally, with far-reaching consequences for both maternal and fetal health. It increases the risk of complications such as stillbirth, low birth weight,preterm birth, uterine bleeding, and other pregnancy-related issues.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among adolescent pregnant women (aged < 20 years) in the Dolo-Ado town, Somali region, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30, 2022, involving 380 pregnant adolescents randomly selected from the Dolo-Ado town. A structured, pretested questionnaire was used to gather data on socio-demographics, maternal nutrition, and obstetric characteristics. Nutritional status was assessed using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), with undernutrition defined as MUAC ≤ 22 cm. Data were collected via home visits, and the accuracy of anthropometric measurements was standardized through training and pretesting. Descriptive statistics were used for data description, and binary logistic regression was performed to explore the associations between independent and dependent variables.
A total of 380 pregnant adolescents participated, achieving a 100% response rate. The mean age of the participants was 17.7 (± 0.78) years. Approximately 32.1% of the participants experienced food insecurity, and only 3% met the minimum dietary diversity score. The prevalence of undernutrition was 21% (79/380), as indicated by a MUAC of < 22 cm.
The high prevalence of undernutrition among pregnant adolescent women in Dolo-Ado poses a significant public health concern. Key factors associated with undernutrition include maternal education [AOR] of 3.9; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.9-8.0), rural residence (AOR of 12; 95% CI: 3.5-42.9), low family income (AOR of 2.6; 95% CI: 1.2-5.4), food insecurity (AOR of 6.2; 95% CI: 2.8-13.9), iron-folic acid supplementation (AOR of 3.6; 95% CI: 1.7-7.5), and low dietary diversity intake (AOR of 13.1; 95% CI: 2.2-77.3). Therefore, targeted efforts to address family income, household food insecurity, dietary diversity, and access to iron-folic acid supplementation should be prioritized by both government and non-governmental organizations for pregnant adolescents.
孕产妇营养不良，尤其是在青少年孕妇中，是全球一个重大的公共卫生问题，对孕产妇和胎儿健康都有深远影响。它增加了死产、低出生体重、早产、子宫出血及其他与妊娠相关问题等并发症的风险。
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚索马里州多洛-阿多镇青少年孕妇（年龄<20岁）中营养不良的患病率及相关因素。
于2022年1月1日至30日进行了一项横断面研究，从多洛-阿多镇随机选取380名怀孕青少年。使用一份经过预测试的结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学、孕产妇营养和产科特征方面的数据。采用上臂中部周长（MUAC）评估营养状况，将营养不良定义为MUAC≤22厘米。通过家访收集数据，并通过培训和预测试使人体测量的准确性标准化。使用描述性统计进行数据描述，并进行二元逻辑回归以探讨自变量和因变量之间的关联。
共有380名怀孕青少年参与，应答率达100%。参与者的平均年龄为17.7（±0.78）岁。约32.1%的参与者经历过粮食不安全，只有3%的人达到了最低饮食多样性得分。MUAC<22厘米表明营养不良的患病率为21%（79/380）。
多洛-阿多镇怀孕青少年中营养不良的高患病率构成了重大的公共卫生问题。与营养不良相关的关键因素包括孕产妇教育程度（调整后比值比[AOR]为3.9；95%置信区间[CI]：1.9 - 8.0）、农村居住（AOR为12；95%CI：3.5 - 42.9）、家庭收入低（AOR为2.6；95%CI：1.2 - 5.4）、粮食不安全（AOR为6.2；95%CI：2.8 - 13.9）、铁叶酸补充剂（AOR为3.6；95%CI：1.7 - 7.5）以及饮食多样性摄入量低（AOR为13.1；95%CI：2.2 - 77.3）。因此，政府和非政府组织都应优先针对怀孕青少年采取有针对性的措施，以解决家庭收入、家庭粮食不安全、饮食多样性以及铁叶酸补充剂的获取问题。
