Muze Mohammed, Yesse Mubarek, Kedir Shemsu, Mustefa Abdilmejid
Department of Nursing, Collage of Medicine and Health Science, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020 Nov 19;20(1):707. doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03404-x.
Maternal undernutrition is highly prevalent in underdeveloped countries. Hence, this study was intended to determine the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among pregnant women visiting ANC clinics in Silte Zone.
Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to January 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 422 study participants from 11 randomly selected health facilities. Data was collected by using a structured-interviewer administered questionnaire. Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was measured by standard non stretchable MUAC tape. Data was entered into a computer using Epi data 3.1 and edited, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Both bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with maternal undernutrition.
In this study, the overall prevalence of undernutrition among study subjects was 21.8%. Age greater than 31 years of women (AOR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.93), Birth intervals > 2 years (AOR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.76), good nutritional knowledge (AOR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.67), and having no dietary change as a result of current pregnancy AOR = 6.02; 95% CI: 2.99, 12.14) were significantly associated with undernutrition.
The prevalence of undernutrition among pregnant women was 21.8%. Current estimate is lower than previously reported in the study area but higher than reported in developed country. Age of women, Birth intervals, and Dietary change as a result of current pregnancy and Nutrition knowledge were important risk factors/ predictors of undernutrition (MUAC < 23 cm). Interventions targeting maternal nutrition education and child spacing with giving special emphasis to adolescent pregnant women are recommended.
孕产妇营养不良在欠发达国家极为普遍。因此，本研究旨在确定在锡尔特地区产前保健诊所就诊的孕妇中营养不良的患病率及相关因素。
于2019年7月至1月开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术，从11个随机选取的医疗机构中选取422名研究参与者。通过使用结构化访谈问卷收集数据。使用标准的不可拉伸上臂中段周长（MUAC）卷尺测量上臂中段周长。数据使用Epi数据3.1录入计算机，并使用SPSS 20版进行编辑、清理和分析。采用双变量和多因素logistic回归分析来确定与孕产妇营养不良相关的因素。
在本研究中，研究对象中营养不良的总体患病率为21.8%。年龄大于31岁的女性（调整后比值比[AOR]=0.15；95%置信区间[CI]：0.03，0.93）、生育间隔>2年（AOR=0.18；95%CI：0.04，0.76）、良好的营养知识（AOR=0.34；95%CI：0.17，0.67）以及当前妊娠未导致饮食变化（AOR=6.02；95%CI：2.99，12.14）与营养不良显著相关。
孕妇中营养不良的患病率为21.8%。当前估计低于该研究地区先前报告的水平，但高于发达国家报告的水平。女性年龄、生育间隔、当前妊娠导致的饮食变化以及营养知识是营养不良（MUAC<23 cm）的重要危险因素/预测因素。建议针对孕产妇营养教育和生育间隔进行干预，特别关注青少年孕妇。
