Hopper Ryan G, Ludwig Allison L, Salzman Michele M, Elazegui Ethan, Rogers Callie M, Bentley Ellison, Mowat Freya M
Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2025 Feb 2. doi: 10.1111/vop.13319.
Determine the effect of oral macrocyclic lactone heartworm-preventative medications on retinal function and chromatic pupillary light reflex (cPLR) in healthy dogs.
Cross-sectional retrospective: 60 dogs (n = 33 females) with heartworm medication administration status and electroretinogram (ERG) data available. Prospective clinical study: 25 dogs (n = 10 females) had ERG performed, 18 of which had cPLR performed.
Retrospective: ERG amplitudes/peak times were compared between dogs that had or had not received oral heartworm preventatives. Bivariate and multiple variable linear regression models were used to evaluate relationships between ERG testing and heartworm preventive administration status, age, and sex.
ERG and cPLR testing were performed at a baseline visit (minimum 14 days since last preventative administration), and a second visit where ERG/cPLR testing was performed 4 h after oral preventative administration. Mixed effects models and Mann-Whitney U statistics were performed.
Retrospective: There was no association between heartworm preventive administration status and ERG amplitudes or peak times (all p-values > 0.12).
Heartworm preventative had no effect on light- and dark-adapted ERG amplitudes or peak times (all p-values > 0.56). Similarly, there was no effect on baseline pupil size (p = 0.83), nor on cPLR (p = 0.32).
No significant effects of oral macrocyclic lactones on retinal/cPLR function at preventative doses were identified. While small effects on retinal/cPLR function cannot be completely ruled out, it remains unlikely that these medications cause clinically significant visual deficits at prescribed doses, and proven antiparasitic benefits likely far outweigh small potential ophthalmic risks of administration.
确定口服大环内酯类抗心丝虫预防药物对健康犬视网膜功能和彩色瞳孔光反射（cPLR）的影响。
横断面回顾性研究：60只犬（n = 33只雌性），有抗心丝虫药物给药状态及视网膜电图（ERG）数据。前瞻性临床研究：25只犬（n = 10只雌性）进行了ERG检查，其中18只进行了cPLR检查。
回顾性研究：比较接受或未接受口服抗心丝虫预防药物的犬之间的ERG振幅/峰时。采用双变量和多变量线性回归模型评估ERG检查与抗心丝虫预防药物给药状态、年龄和性别的关系。
在基线访视时（自上次预防药物给药至少14天）进行ERG和cPLR检查，第二次访视在口服预防药物给药4小时后进行ERG/cPLR检查。采用混合效应模型和曼-惠特尼U统计分析。
回顾性研究：抗心丝虫预防药物给药状态与ERG振幅或峰时之间无关联（所有p值> 0.12）。
抗心丝虫预防药物对明适应和暗适应ERG振幅或峰时无影响（所有p值> 0.56）。同样，对基线瞳孔大小无影响（p = 0.83），对cPLR也无影响（p = 0.32）。
未发现预防性剂量的口服大环内酯类药物对视网膜/cPLR功能有显著影响。虽然不能完全排除对视网膜/cPLR功能有微小影响，但这些药物在规定剂量下导致临床显著视觉缺陷的可能性仍然不大，且已证实的抗寄生虫益处可能远远超过给药带来的微小潜在眼科风险。
