Ramoa Oliveira Ana S, Camões Neves Joana, Vasconcelos Ana Luís, Rodrigues Filipa
Internal Medicine, Hospital de Braga, Braga, PRT.
Gastroenterology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, PRT.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 1;17(1):e76750. doi: 10.7759/cureus.76750. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Thymic tumors are a rare condition that affects both genders equally, typically presenting between the ages of 40 and 70. Although often asymptomatic, they can give rise to paraneoplastic syndromes, with myasthenia gravis being the most common. The presentation of pure red cell aplasia, however, remains an uncommon manifestation. Thymectomy is the primary treatment, but it may not always be sufficient for managing associated syndromes, and immunosuppressive therapy may be necessary. This case involves a 50-year-old, otherwise healthy man, who presented to the emergency department with progressive dyspnea and asthenia over the course of one month. A mediastinal mass and hypoproliferative normocytic, normochromic anemia were identified, and after a diagnostic work-up, it was concluded to be a case of thymoma with associated pure red cell aplasia. The patient underwent surgery and radiotherapy and received immunosuppressive therapy. This case highlights a rare manifestation of an uncommon pathology, underscoring the need for a multidisciplinary approach and the challenges in treatment.
胸腺瘤是一种罕见疾病，男女发病率相同，通常发病于40至70岁之间。虽然胸腺瘤通常无症状，但可引发副肿瘤综合征，其中重症肌无力最为常见。然而，纯红细胞再生障碍的表现仍然不常见。胸腺切除术是主要治疗方法，但对于管理相关综合征可能并不总是足够的，可能需要免疫抑制治疗。该病例涉及一名50岁的健康男性，他在一个月内逐渐出现进行性呼吸困难和乏力，到急诊科就诊。发现纵隔肿块和增生低下的正细胞正色素性贫血，经过诊断检查，确诊为胸腺瘤伴发纯红细胞再生障碍。患者接受了手术和放疗，并接受了免疫抑制治疗。该病例突出了一种罕见病理的罕见表现，强调了多学科方法的必要性以及治疗中的挑战。
