Yilmaz Hilal, Yilmaz Abdurrahim
Izmit Vocational High School, Plant and Animal Production Program Kocaeli University Kocaeli Turkey.
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Bolu Turkey.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jan 2;13(2):e4610. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4610. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Hidden hunger, characterized by micronutrient deficiencies despite adequate caloric intake, affects over 2 billion people globally, primarily due to deficits in iron, vitamin A, and iodine. This phenomenon underscores a critical paradox in global food security: the Green Revolution, which significantly increased crop production through high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of staple crops, has simultaneously contributed to widespread nutritional deficiencies. This article examines the dual legacy of the Green Revolution, exploring how its emphasis on yield over nutritional quality has led to decreased concentrations of essential micronutrients in staple crops, exacerbating hidden hunger. The extensive use of synthetic fertilizers, while boosting crop yields, has resulted in environmental degradation and economic burdens for smallholder farmers. Additionally, the shift towards dietary monoculture has reduced agricultural biodiversity and increased the prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases. Through diverse case studies from India, Zambia, Guatemala, the Philippines, Brazil, Mexico, and Ethiopia, this article illustrates various strategies to combat hidden hunger, including biofortification, multisectoral approaches, and sustainable agricultural practices. This article highlights the necessity for a multifaceted approach that integrates improved agricultural practices, dietary diversity, and supportive policies to enhance food security and public health. By addressing both caloric and nutritional needs, this comprehensive strategy aims to build resilient food systems that ensure a sustainable agricultural future.
隐性饥饿，其特征是尽管热量摄入充足但仍存在微量营养素缺乏，全球超过20亿人受其影响，主要原因是铁、维生素A和碘的缺乏。这一现象凸显了全球粮食安全中的一个关键悖论：绿色革命通过主粮作物的高产品种大幅提高了作物产量，但同时也导致了广泛的营养缺乏。本文审视了绿色革命的双重遗产，探讨其对产量而非营养品质的重视如何导致主粮作物中必需微量营养素浓度降低，加剧了隐性饥饿。合成肥料的大量使用虽然提高了作物产量，但却导致了环境退化，并给小农户带来了经济负担。此外，向饮食单一化的转变减少了农业生物多样性，并增加了与饮食相关的非传染性疾病的患病率。通过来自印度、赞比亚、危地马拉、菲律宾、巴西、墨西哥和埃塞俄比亚的各种案例研究，本文阐述了应对隐性饥饿的各种策略，包括生物强化、多部门方法和可持续农业实践。本文强调了采取多方面方法的必要性，这种方法整合了改进的农业实践、饮食多样性和支持性政策，以加强粮食安全和公共卫生。通过满足热量和营养需求，这一全面战略旨在建立有韧性的粮食系统，确保可持续的农业未来。
