Chen Yu-Ru, Nakagomi Atsushi, Hanazato Masamichi, Abe Noriyuki, Ide Kazushige, Kondo Katsunori
Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cyo, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
Department of Building Community for Well-being, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 5;15(1):4422. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-88349-x.
Well-being (WB) extends beyond physical health, as defined by the World Health Organization and encompasses two aspects: (1) long-term WB (LWB), such as overall life satisfaction; and (2) momentary WB (MWB), such as immediate mood. While research has demonstrated a positive association between one's environment and LWB, limited studies have explored the association between environmental characteristics and MWB. We applied the experience sampling method (ESM) to collect data on location, perceived environmental characteristics, MWB, and LWB of adult participants living in Kashiwa-no-ha area, Kashiwa City, Japan. Structural equation modeling was used to calculate the correlation coefficients between different environments and both MWB and LWB. LWB was positively associated with MWB (standardized coefficient=0.24) and urban elements-cafés/restaurants/bars (0.11), cultural/sports/education facilities (0.04), and public spaces (0.11). Meanwhile, relaxing/clean (0.56) and natural environments (0.14) were associated with higher MWB. Conversely, vibrant environments (-0.14) and being on the move (-0.11) were linked to lower MWB. LWB was positively associated with being at cultural/sports/educational facilities (0.06), and vibrant (0.15) and communicative (0.13) urban settings. MWB was associated with various built environments, emphasizing the need for places like parks and cafés that promote a positive mood, and well-designed transportation and roads. These elements are important for developing urban areas that meet the physical requirements of residents while supporting their emotional and psychological well-being.
幸福感（WB）超越了世界卫生组织所定义的身体健康范畴，涵盖两个方面：（1）长期幸福感（LWB），如总体生活满意度；以及（2）瞬间幸福感（MWB），如即时情绪。虽然研究表明一个人的环境与长期幸福感之间存在正相关，但探索环境特征与瞬间幸福感之间关联的研究有限。我们应用经验抽样法（ESM）收集了居住在日本柏市柏之叶地区的成年参与者的位置、感知到的环境特征、瞬间幸福感和长期幸福感的数据。采用结构方程模型来计算不同环境与瞬间幸福感和长期幸福感之间的相关系数。长期幸福感与瞬间幸福感（标准化系数 = 0.24）、城市元素——咖啡馆/餐厅/酒吧（0.11）、文化/体育/教育设施（0.04）以及公共空间（0.11）呈正相关。同时，轻松/干净的环境（0.56）和自然环境（0.14）与更高的瞬间幸福感相关。相反，充满活力的环境（-0.14）和处于移动状态（-0.11）与较低的瞬间幸福感相关。长期幸福感与身处文化/体育/教育设施（0.06）、充满活力（0.15）和具有交流性（0.13）的城市环境呈正相关。瞬间幸福感与各种建成环境相关，这强调了需要有像公园和咖啡馆这样能促进积极情绪的场所，以及设计良好的交通和道路。这些元素对于发展既能满足居民身体需求又能支持其情感和心理健康的城市地区很重要。
