Tan Ling Ling, Mohamad Nur Syamimi, Hassan Nurul Izzaty, Goh Choo Ta
Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
PLoS One. 2025 Feb 7;20(2):e0315974. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315974. eCollection 2025.
Zinc has been demonstrated to boost immune response during SAR-CoV-2 infection, where it prevents coronavirus multiplication. Clinical investigations have testified to its beneficial effects on respiratory health and its deficiency may reduce immune function. A highly sensitive detection of Zn(II) ion via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) utilizing an environmentally friendly modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) embedded with carboxylated-8-carboxamidoquinoline (CACQ) as Zn(II) chelating ligand. The green CACQ/ErGO-modified SPCE was characterized by spectroscopy techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX). The modified electrode-solution interface was studied by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV) and DPV methods. The CACQ-modified wrinkled ErGO electrode conferred a large surface-to-volume ratio with multiple binding sites resulting in greater opportunity for multiple dative covalent binding events with Zn(II) via coordination chemistry, and considerably accelerated the electron transfer rate at the electrode surface. The green Zn(II) sensor demonstrated a quick response time (60 s), broad linear range [1 pM-1 μM Zn(II) ion], a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.53 pM, 35 days of storage period (≥80% of its initial response retained), good reproducibility [relative standard deviation (RSD) = 3.4%], and repeatability (RSD = 4.4%). The developed electrode was applied to determine Zn(II) ion concentration in dietary supplement samples, and the results were in good agreement with those obtained from inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
锌已被证明可在新冠病毒感染期间增强免疫反应，它能阻止冠状病毒繁殖。临床研究证实了其对呼吸道健康的有益作用，而锌缺乏可能会降低免疫功能。利用嵌入羧化 - 8 - 羧酰胺喹啉（CACQ）作为锌（II）螯合配体的电化学还原氧化石墨烯（ErGO）对环境友好的修饰丝网印刷碳电极（SPCE），通过差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）对锌（II）离子进行高灵敏度检测。绿色的CACQ/ErGO修饰的SPCE通过光谱技术进行表征，如傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、拉曼光谱以及带能量色散X射线的场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM - EDX）。通过电化学循环伏安法（CV）和DPV方法研究了修饰电极 - 溶液界面。CACQ修饰的皱纹状ErGO电极具有大的表面积与体积比以及多个结合位点，通过配位化学与锌（II）进行多个配位共价结合事件的机会更大，并显著加速了电极表面的电子转移速率。绿色锌（II）传感器显示出快速响应时间（60秒）、宽线性范围[1 pM - 1 μM锌（II）离子]、检测限（LOD）为0.53 pM、储存期35天（保留其初始响应的≥80%）、良好的重现性[相对标准偏差（RSD）= 3.4%]和重复性（RSD = 4.4%）。所开发的电极用于测定膳食补充剂样品中的锌（II）离子浓度，结果与电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP - MS）获得的结果高度一致。
