Castriota Luca, Falautano Manuela, Maggio Teresa, Perzia Patrizia
Unit for Conservation Management and Sustainable Use of Fish and Marine Resources, Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Department for the Monitoring and Protection of the Environment and for the Conservation of Biodiversity, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo 4521 (Ex Complesso Roosevelt), Località Addaura, 90149 Palermo, Italy.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jan 27;14(2):133. doi: 10.3390/biology14020133.
The invasion history of the gastropod mollusk in the Mediterranean Sea demonstrates a dynamic progression through distinct phases, comprising arrival, establishment, and expansion phases. Initial records in the 1930s trace its entry through the Suez Canal, likely followed by larval transport to the Aegean Sea facilitated by natural currents. The subsequent spread to Maltese and Italian waters suggests secondary dispersion favored by maritime traffic or aquaculture activities. The establishment phase shows a significant increase in occurrences and spatial dispersion, with aggregated nuclei in the central Mediterranean. The expansion phase was characterized by rapid dispersal and intensified densities, particularly in the Aegean, Adriatic, and Spanish coasts. These findings underscore the species' capability to invade from multiple fronts, driven by both natural and human-mediated processes. A new location in the Strait of Sicily, i.e., the island of Lampedusa, is reported in the present paper for the species. Given the low number of observations, its establishment with a viable population on the island is not confirmed, although its detection validates the Straits of Sicily as a key area of intense settlement of the species.
腹足纲软体动物在地中海的入侵历史展现出一个历经不同阶段的动态发展过程，包括抵达、定殖和扩散阶段。20世纪30年代的最初记录追踪到其通过苏伊士运河进入，随后可能借助自然洋流的幼虫运输扩散至爱琴海。随后扩散至马耳他和意大利海域，这表明海上交通或水产养殖活动有利于二次扩散。定殖阶段显示出出现频率和空间分布显著增加，在地中海中部形成聚集核心区。扩散阶段的特点是快速扩散和密度增加，特别是在爱琴海、亚得里亚海和西班牙海岸。这些发现强调了该物种通过自然和人类介导过程从多个前沿入侵的能力。本文报道了该物种在西西里海峡的一个新地点，即兰佩杜萨岛。鉴于观测数量较少，虽然其被发现证实了西西里海峡是该物种密集栖息的关键区域，但尚未确认其在该岛上形成了有生存能力的种群。
