Didarian Reza, Azar Mehdi Tayybi
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Biophysics, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Biomed Microdevices. 2025 Feb 26;27(1):10. doi: 10.1007/s10544-025-00741-6.
Microfluidic chips have emerged as versatile and powerful tools that enable the precise manipulation of fluids and bioparticles at the microscale. Their impact on detection applications is profound, offering advantages such as miniaturization, enhanced sensitivity, multiplexing capability, and integrated functions. These chips can be customized for specific techniques, such as DNA analysis, immunoassays, chemical sensing, and cell-based assays. With a wide range of types available, including Lab-on-a-Chip, droplet-based, paper-based, electrochemical, optical, and magnetic chips, they find applications in diverse fields such as medical diagnostics, DNA analysis, cell analysis, food safety testing, environmental monitoring, and industrial processes. This powerful technology replicates laboratory capabilities on miniature chip-scale devices, resulting in time and cost savings while enabling portability and field-use capability. Its impact spans genetic analysis, proteomic analysis, cell culture, biosensors, pathogen detection, and point-of-care diagnostics, playing a pivotal role in advancing chemical and biological analysis. The overall aim of this review is to provide an overview of the development of microfluidic biochips for biological detection and discuss their various applications.
微流控芯片已成为多功能且强大的工具，能够在微观尺度上精确操控流体和生物颗粒。它们对检测应用的影响深远，具有小型化、灵敏度增强、多重检测能力和集成功能等优势。这些芯片可针对特定技术进行定制，如DNA分析、免疫测定、化学传感和基于细胞的检测。由于有多种类型可供选择，包括芯片实验室、液滴式、纸质、电化学、光学和磁性芯片，它们在医学诊断、DNA分析、细胞分析、食品安全检测、环境监测和工业过程等不同领域都有应用。这项强大的技术在微型芯片规模的设备上复制了实验室功能，节省了时间和成本，同时具备便携性和现场使用能力。其影响涵盖基因分析、蛋白质组分析、细胞培养、生物传感器、病原体检测和即时诊断，在推动化学和生物分析方面发挥着关键作用。本综述的总体目的是概述用于生物检测的微流控生物芯片的发展，并讨论它们的各种应用。
