中国老年人握力水平与跌倒经历之间的关联：来自中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的横断面研究

Association between grip strength level and fall experience among older Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study from the CHARLS.

作者信息

Dong Gengxin, Guo Yuxin, Tu Ji, Zhang Yunqing, Zhu Huaze, Bao Dapeng, Zhou Junhong

机构信息

School of Sport Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.

China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.

出版信息

BMC Geriatr. 2025 Mar 6;25(1):156. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-05735-w.

DOI:10.1186/s12877-025-05735-w

PMID:40050797

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11884138/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To explore the dose-response relationship between levels of grip strength and the fall experience among older adult Chinese.

METHODS

This study used data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), including 5,486 older Chinese adults aged 60 and above. Grip strength was measured with a dynamometer, and falls were recorded via questionnaire. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) tests assessed the relationship between grip strength and fall experience. Additionally, disparities across different genders, age, and residential areas were explored.

RESULTS

After adjusting for confounding factors, compared to the lowest quartile of grip strength, the fall experience of older men decreased by 39% (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.45-0.84, p = 0.002) in the third quartile and 42% (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.42-0.80, p < 0.001) in the highest quartile, the fall experience of older women decreased by 33% (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.51-0.88, p = 0.004) in highest quartile. Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a negative dose-response relationship between grip strength levels and fall experience among older Chinese adults. Subgroup analyses revealed that the negative dose - response relationship between grip strength levels and fall experience was absent among the elderly aged 75 and above, as well as among rural - dwelling females.

CONCLUSION

This cross-sectional study utilizing CHARLS data reveals a significant negative dose-response relationship between grip strength and falls among Chinese older adults aged 60 to 75 years living in urban areas and Chinese older men of the same age group residing in rural areas. Within this demographic, grip strength can be preliminarily used to estimate the likelihood of falls, enabling the early implementation of preventive interventions to reduce the personal and societal impacts associated with fall-related injuries.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable.

摘要

目的

探讨中国老年人握力水平与跌倒经历之间的剂量反应关系。

方法

本研究使用了2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的数据，包括5486名60岁及以上的中国老年人。使用握力计测量握力，并通过问卷调查记录跌倒情况。逻辑回归和受限立方样条（RCS）检验评估握力与跌倒经历之间的关系。此外，还探讨了不同性别、年龄和居住地区之间的差异。

结果

在调整混杂因素后，与握力最低四分位数相比，老年男性在第三四分位数的跌倒经历减少了39%（OR = 0.61，95%CI = 0.45 - 0.84，p = 0.002），在最高四分位数减少了42%（OR = 0.58，95%CI = 0.42 - 0.80，p < 0.001）；老年女性在最高四分位数的跌倒经历减少了33%（OR = 0.67，95%CI = 0.51 - 0.88，p = 0.004）。受限立方样条分析表明，中国老年人握力水平与跌倒经历之间存在负剂量反应关系。亚组分析显示，75岁及以上老年人以及农村居住女性中，握力水平与跌倒经历之间不存在负剂量反应关系。