Nenadovic Aleksandra, Kovacevic Sanjin, Stankovic Anica, Popovic Tamara, Debeljak Martacic Jasmina, Rankovic Slavica, De Luka Silvio R, Milasin Jelena, Nesovic Ostojic Jelena
Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Centre of Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Nutrients. 2025 Feb 27;17(5):821. doi: 10.3390/nu17050821.
: This research aimed to investigate phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) distribution in the brain, kidneys, and white adipose tissue (WAT) and lipid profiles in response to high-fat diets. : Adult female C57BL/6 mice were fed high-fat diets containing 25% linseed, palm, or sunflower oil for 100 days. The fatty acid composition of dietary oils and tissue PL were analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography. : Linseed oil increased -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with subsequent conversion into long-chain -3 PUFAs in the brain and kidney PL, while only alpha-linolenic acid was elevated in WAT. Palm and sunflower oils resulted in unique PLFA distributions in the kidneys and WAT. Palm oil raised linoleic acid without conversion to pro-inflammatory -6 PUFAs. Sunflower oil increased saturated palmitic acid, as opposed to the rise in monounsaturated oleic acid. Linseed oil also significantly improved lipid profiles, reducing LDL and increasing HDL levels while enhancing cardiovascular indices. : This study demonstrates that dietary oils significantly impact organ-specific PLFA profiles, with linseed oil enriching brain and renal -3 PUFAs, while palm and sunflower oils induce distinct modifications in the kidney and WAT. Moreover, linseed oil offers notable cardioprotective benefits due to the favorable lipid profile changes. These findings highlight the importance of dietary fat selection in achieving balanced lipid metabolism and suggest that diverse oil combinations may be essential for optimizing health outcomes.
本研究旨在调查高脂饮食对大脑、肾脏和白色脂肪组织（WAT）中磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）分布以及脂质谱的影响。成年雌性C57BL/6小鼠喂食含25%亚麻籽、棕榈或向日葵油的高脂饮食100天。使用气液色谱法分析膳食油和组织PL的脂肪酸组成。亚麻籽油增加了-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），随后在大脑和肾脏PL中转化为长链-3 PUFA，而在WAT中仅α-亚麻酸升高。棕榈油和向日葵油在肾脏和WAT中导致独特的PLFA分布。棕榈油提高了亚油酸水平，且未转化为促炎-6 PUFA。向日葵油增加了饱和棕榈酸，而非单不饱和油酸的增加。亚麻籽油还显著改善了脂质谱，降低了低密度脂蛋白（LDL）并提高了高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平，同时增强了心血管指标。本研究表明，膳食油对器官特异性PLFA谱有显著影响，亚麻籽油可富集大脑和肾脏中的-3 PUFA，而棕榈油和向日葵油则在肾脏和WAT中诱导了不同的变化。此外，由于有利的脂质谱变化，亚麻籽油具有显著的心脏保护作用。这些发现凸显了膳食脂肪选择在实现脂质代谢平衡中的重要性，并表明不同的油组合可能对优化健康结果至关重要。
