Roozbahani Abbas, Roghani Bardia, Nilsen Vegard, Paus Kim Aleksander Haukland, Rydningen Ulf
Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway E-mail:
Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway.
Water Sci Technol. 2025 Mar;91(5):654-668. doi: 10.2166/wst.2025.030. Epub 2025 Feb 28.
Rapid urbanization has dramatically increased impervious surfaces, exacerbating flood risks in cities globally. Low-impact development (LID) practices are effective in reducing urban runoff, but selecting optimal combinations based on cost, performance, and service benefits remains crucial. This study presents a comprehensive framework for optimizing urban stormwater management by integrating a simulation-optimization module, which consists of stormwater management model-SUSTAIN models, with a multi-criteria decision-making module. To guide decision-makers, it introduces two novel criteria - sustainability index, derived from reliability, resiliency, and vulnerability indices, and vegetated LID coverage to account for LID's extra environmental benefits such as air quality improvement and aesthetics, alongside cost. The proposed methodology is applied to Tehran's District 11, where four LID scenarios, including green roofs (GR), rain barrels (RB), bioretention cells (BC), porous pavements (PP), and vegetated swales (VS), are evaluated using the WASPAS method. Scenario 2 (RB, BC, and VS) is identified as the most favourable due to its cost-effectiveness, even though it has lower vegetated LID coverage than two of the other scenarios. This study offers a practical tool to balance multiple objectives in urban stormwater system design and management, promoting sustainability and cost-efficiency.
快速城市化极大地增加了不透水表面，加剧了全球城市的洪水风险。低影响开发（LID）措施在减少城市径流方面很有效，但基于成本、性能和服务效益选择最佳组合仍然至关重要。本研究提出了一个综合框架，通过将由雨水管理模型-SUSTAIN模型组成的模拟优化模块与多准则决策模块相结合，来优化城市雨水管理。为了指导决策者，它引入了两个新的准则——从可靠性、恢复力和脆弱性指数推导出来的可持续性指数，以及植被低影响开发覆盖率，以考虑低影响开发在改善空气质量和美观等方面的额外环境效益以及成本。所提出的方法应用于德黑兰第11区，在那里使用WASPAS方法评估了四种低影响开发方案，包括绿色屋顶（GR）、雨水桶（RB）、生物滞留池（BC）、多孔路面（PP）和植被浅沟（VS）。方案2（RB、BC和VS）因其成本效益而被确定为最有利的方案，尽管它的植被低影响开发覆盖率低于其他两个方案。本研究提供了一个实用工具，用于在城市雨水系统设计和管理中平衡多个目标，促进可持续性和成本效益。
