Raissi-Dehkordi Nastaran, Raissi-Dehkordi Negar, Ebrahimibagha Hamed, Tayebi Tahereh, Moeinabadi-Bidgoli Kasra, Hassani Mohammad, Niknejad Hassan
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Taleghani General Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Feb 26;12:1527736. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1527736. eCollection 2025.
Chronic and acute wounds represent significant challenges in healthcare, often leading to prolonged recovery times and increased complications. While chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers and venous leg ulcers, persist due to underlying conditions and biofilm formation, acute wounds, including surgical incisions and burns, can also benefit from innovative therapeutic approaches. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has emerged as a promising non-invasive therapy capable of enhancing wound healing outcomes across both wound types. This review examines the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which CAP promotes wound repair, focusing on its modulation of inflammation, stimulation of angiogenesis, facilitation of tissue remodeling, and antimicrobial effects, which can potentially be used in regenerative medicine. CAP generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that influence key cellular processes, accelerating tissue regeneration while reducing bacterial load and preventing biofilm formation. Clinical applications of CAP have demonstrated its efficacy in improving wound healing metrics for both chronic and acute wounds. Despite promising results, translating CAP into routine clinical practice requires addressing challenges such as standardizing treatment protocols, assessing long-term safety, and developing portable devices. Future research should prioritize optimizing CAP parameters and exploring combination therapies to maximize its therapeutic potential. Overall, CAP represents a safe, effective, and versatile modality in wound management, with the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes in both chronic and acute wound care.
慢性伤口和急性伤口给医疗保健带来了重大挑战，常常导致恢复时间延长和并发症增加。虽然慢性伤口，如糖尿病足溃疡和下肢静脉溃疡，由于潜在疾病和生物膜形成而持续存在，但急性伤口，包括手术切口和烧伤，也能从创新治疗方法中受益。冷大气等离子体（CAP）已成为一种有前景的非侵入性治疗方法，能够改善这两种伤口类型的愈合效果。本综述探讨了CAP促进伤口修复的细胞和分子机制，重点关注其对炎症的调节、血管生成的刺激、组织重塑的促进以及抗菌作用，这些作用有可能应用于再生医学。CAP产生的活性氧和氮物种影响关键细胞过程，加速组织再生，同时减少细菌负荷并防止生物膜形成。CAP的临床应用已证明其在改善慢性和急性伤口愈合指标方面的有效性。尽管取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但将CAP转化为常规临床实践需要应对一些挑战，如标准化治疗方案、评估长期安全性以及开发便携式设备。未来的研究应优先优化CAP参数并探索联合疗法，以最大限度地发挥其治疗潜力。总体而言，CAP在伤口管理中是一种安全、有效且通用的方式，有可能显著改善慢性和急性伤口护理中的患者预后。
