Sanan Ahmed, Qadir Sarshaar, Irfan Hamza, Rusho Maher Ali, Akilimali Aymar
Shaikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nayhan Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2025 Feb 11;87(2):1082-1084. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002950. eCollection 2025 Feb.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a serious worldwide notice regarding Monkey pox (Mpox), designating it as a public health emergency. Mpox, which began from West and Central Africa, has since migrated to non-endemic areas, such as South Asia. In 2024, Pakistan reported the first incidence of the disease, which was connected to a visitor from Saudi Arabia. The virus, which was previously primarily harming youth in Africa, is increasingly impacting a wider demographic, especially adults and men who have sex with other men (MSM) which usually are occurring in sexual health clinics. Engaging in sexual intercourse, inhaling droplets, and coming into contact are the three ways that the disease escalates. The risk is highest in underprivileged communities that are often stigmatized and have little access to primary healthcare. Antivirals such as brincidofovir, cidofovir, and tecovirimat are now used in treatment; in an emergency, vaccinations like JYNNEOS and Vaccinia Immune Globulin Intravenous (VIGIV) are also available. In regions where vaccine supplies are scarce, targeted and ring vaccination programs are essential. To cease the transmission of Mpox and lessen its effects on public health, increased surveillance, travel restrictions, and focused preventative efforts are crucial to aid non endemic countries from these catastrophes.
世界卫生组织（WHO）已就猴痘发布了一项全球严重通知，将其列为突发公共卫生事件。猴痘起源于西非和中非，此后已传播至南亚等非流行地区。2024年，巴基斯坦报告了该病的首例病例，该病例与一名来自沙特阿拉伯的访客有关。这种病毒此前主要在非洲影响年轻人，现在正越来越多地影响更广泛的人群，尤其是成年人以及男男性行为者（MSM），这类情况通常发生在性健康诊所。性行为、吸入飞沫和接触是该疾病传播的三种途径。在经常受到污名化且几乎无法获得初级医疗保健的贫困社区，风险最高。目前使用布林西多福韦、西多福韦和替考韦玛等抗病毒药物进行治疗；在紧急情况下，也可使用如JYNNEOS和静脉注射牛痘免疫球蛋白（VIGIV）等疫苗。在疫苗供应稀缺的地区，有针对性的环状疫苗接种计划至关重要。为了阻止猴痘的传播并减轻其对公众健康的影响，加强监测、实施旅行限制以及开展有针对性的预防措施对于帮助非流行国家应对这些灾难至关重要。
