Niosomes as Vesicular Nanocarriers in Cosmetics: Characterisation, Development and Efficacy.

In an era of significant developments in cosmetic chemistry and growing demand for efficacious skincare products, the efficient delivery of active molecules has been a challenge in formulations of cosmetics. In order to improve the performance of active compounds, the use of different nanotechnology-based systems have been explored in cosmetic chemistry. Niosomes, self-assembled vesicular nanocarriers, have been used in the cosmetic industry since the 1970s. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the encapsulation of active cosmetic compounds using niosomes as potential carriers for their sustained and targeted delivery. The review discusses the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of niosomes, including preparation methods, advantages and limitations. Various applications of niosomes in the cosmetic industry are presented together with the permeation and efficacy data from conducted in vitro and in vivo studies. Future perspectives of these nanocarriers for cosmetic applications are highlighted.