A State-of-the-Art Review on Recent Biomedical Application of Polysaccharide-Based Niosomes as Drug Delivery Systems.

The development of nanocarriers for drug delivery has drawn a lot of attention due to the possibility for tailored delivery to the ill region while preserving the neighboring healthy tissue. In medicine, delivering drugs safely and effectively has never been easy; therefore, the creation of surfactant-based vesicles (niosomes) to enhance medication delivery has gained attention in the past years. Niosomes (NIOs) are versatile drug delivery systems that facilitate applications varying from transdermal transport to targeted brain delivery. These self-assembling vesicular nano-carriers are formed by hydrating cholesterol, non-ionic surfactants, and other amphiphilic substances. The focus of the review is to report on the latest NIO-type formulations which also include biopolymers from the polysaccharide class, highlighting their role in the development of these drug delivery systems (DDSs). The NIO and polysaccharide types, together with the recent pharmaceutical applications such as ocular, oral, nose-to brain, pulmonary, cardiac, and transdermal drug delivery, are all thoroughly summarized in this review, which offers a comprehensive compendium of polysaccharide-based niosomal research to date. Lastly, this delivery system's limits and prospects are also examined.