Adawiah Adilah, Meryandini Anja, Ridwan Roni, Fidriyanto Rusli, Sarwono Ki Ageng, Wiryawan Komang Gede
Study Program of Microbiology, Graduate School of IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
Departemen of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Apr 1;57(3):148. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04400-z.
This study aimed to investigate the microbial population dynamics and metabolite profiles of Ongole crossbreed cattle (OCC) fed a combination of feed additives using metagenomic and metabolomic analyses. A crossover design was employed, involving four 3-year-old fistulated OCC bulls, each receiving four distinct dietary treatments per experimental period, followed by a washout phase with a basal diet. The treatments consisted of a basal diet (G1) as control, and the addition of feed additives as follows: G2: probiotics (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum); G3: premix; G4: G2 + G3 + amino acids lysine and methionine; and G5: G2 + G3 + amino acids protected with tannin. Rumen fluid was collected for the analysis of microbiome dynamics and metabolite profiles. The bacterial communities in diets G1, G2, G3, and G5 exhibited similar compositions, dominated by Bacteroidota, particularly the genus Prevotella. The G5 diet successfully suppressed the population of archaea, notably Methanosarcinales and Methanobacteriales, which are associated with methane production. A total of 28 significant metabolites (VIP > 1) was identified in rumen fluid, including lipid prenols, phenolic compounds, indoles and derivatives, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, fatty acyls, benzene derivatives, and organooxygen compounds. The volatile compounds profile of rumen fluid showed a marked increase in prenol lipid compounds, especially in the G5 diet. Additionally, Methanosarcinales and Methanobacteriales were negatively correlated with prenol lipid levels. The inclusion of probiotics and protected amino acids alters the microbiome community structure and metabolites, positively affecting ruminant productivity.
本研究旨在通过宏基因组学和代谢组学分析，调查饲喂饲料添加剂组合的翁戈勒杂交牛（OCC）的微生物种群动态和代谢物谱。采用交叉设计，涉及四头3岁的带瘘管OCC公牛，每头公牛在每个实验期接受四种不同的饮食处理，随后是基础饮食的洗脱期。处理包括作为对照的基础饮食（G1），以及添加如下饲料添加剂：G2：益生菌（植物乳杆菌）；G3：预混料；G4：G2 + G3 + 氨基酸赖氨酸和蛋氨酸；G5：G2 + G3 + 用单宁保护的氨基酸。收集瘤胃液用于分析微生物组动态和代谢物谱。饮食G1、G2、G3和G5中的细菌群落组成相似，以拟杆菌门为主，特别是普雷沃氏菌属。G5饮食成功抑制了与甲烷产生相关的古菌种群，特别是甲烷八叠球菌目和甲烷杆菌目。在瘤胃液中总共鉴定出28种显著代谢物（VIP > 1），包括类异戊二烯脂质、酚类化合物、吲哚及其衍生物、饱和和不饱和烃、脂肪酰基、苯衍生物和有机氧化合物。瘤胃液的挥发性化合物谱显示类异戊二烯脂质化合物显著增加，尤其是在G5饮食中。此外，甲烷八叠球菌目和甲烷杆菌目与类异戊二烯脂质水平呈负相关。添加益生菌和保护性氨基酸会改变微生物群落结构和代谢物，对反刍动物生产力产生积极影响。
