Bazaid Abdulrahman S, Binsaleh Naif K, Barnawi Heba, Alharbi Bandar, Alsolami Ahmed, Selim Samy, Al Jaouni Soad K, Saddiq Amna A, Ganash Magdah, Abdelghany Tarek M, Qanash Husam
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail, 55476, Saudi Arabia.
Medical and Diagnostic Research Center, University of Ha'il, Hail, 55473, Saudi Arabia.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2025 Apr 4;12(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s40643-025-00855-y.
Natural products of plant origin are being explored as safe alternatives for illness management. Their extraction processes play a crucial role in determining their phytochemical and pharmacological properties. In this context, Euphorbia trigona was extracted using Supercritical Fluid Extraction with CO (SFE-CO) at two operating temperatures: 20 °C and 40 °C. Phytochemical characterization was performed via HPLC, along with anti-yeast evaluation using the well diffusion method, anticancer assessment using the MTT assay, wound healing analysis via the scratch assay, and anti-obesity evaluation through the lipase assay of the E. trigona extract. The results indicated that SFE-CO at 40 °C extracted a greater quantity (0.198 g) of E. trigona than SFE-CO at 20 °C (0.156 g). Several compounds, such as rosmarinic acid, gallic acid, daidzein, ellagic acid, naringenin, and ferulic acid, were identified at high concentrations of 10,034.29, 1,800.33, 750.22, 748.11, 462.15, and 207.05 µg/mL, respectively, in the E. trigona extract obtained using SFE-CO at 40 °C, compared to the extract obtained using SFE-CO at 20 °C. High inhibition zones of 24 ± 1.5, 24 ± 0.5, and 23 ± 0.33 mm were recorded against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and G. candidum, respectively, using the extract from SFE-CO at 40 °C, compared to the inhibition zones of 24 ± 1.5, 24 ± 0.5, and 23 ± 0.33 mm obtained from the extract using SFE-CO at 20 °C. Moreover, the extract from SFE-CO at 40 °C exhibited lower MIC and MFC values against the tested yeasts compared to the efficacy of the extract from SFE-CO at 20 °C. The ultrastructure of the examined yeasts was severely affected by the extract from SFE-CO at 40 °C. A lower IC (98.87 ± 1.26 µg/mL) was recorded for the extract from SFE-CO at 40 °C compared to the IC (333.87 ± 1.8 µg/mL) of the extract from SFE-CO at 20 °C against cancer cells (A431). The wound closure level was 84.08% using the extract from SFE-CO at 40 °C, while it was 71.27% using the extract from SFE-CO at 20 °C. Lipase was inhibited by the extract obtained via SFE-CO at 40 °C and 20 °C, with IC values of 15.77 and 28.14 µg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking indicated that rosmarinic acid is a suitable inhibitor for the tested yeasts.
植物源天然产物正被探索作为疾病管理的安全替代方案。它们的提取过程在决定其植物化学和药理特性方面起着关键作用。在此背景下，采用超临界二氧化碳流体萃取法（SFE-CO）在20℃和40℃两个操作温度下对三角大戟进行萃取。通过高效液相色谱法进行植物化学表征，并采用平板扩散法进行抗酵母评估，采用MTT法进行抗癌评估，通过划痕试验进行伤口愈合分析，以及通过三角大戟提取物的脂肪酶测定进行抗肥胖评估。结果表明，40℃的SFE-CO萃取的三角大戟量（0.198克）比20℃的SFE-CO（0.156克）多。在40℃使用SFE-CO获得的三角大戟提取物中，分别鉴定出几种化合物，如迷迭香酸、没食子酸、大豆苷元、鞣花酸、柚皮苷和阿魏酸，其浓度较高，分别为10034.29、1800.33、750.22、748.11、462.15和207.05μg/mL，与20℃使用SFE-CO获得的提取物相比。使用40℃的SFE-CO提取物对白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌和假丝酵母的抑菌圈分别记录为24±1.5、24±0.5和23±0.33毫米，与20℃使用SFE-CO提取物获得的抑菌圈24±1.5、24±0.5和23±0.33毫米相比。此外，与20℃的SFE-CO提取物的功效相比，40℃的SFE-CO提取物对受试酵母表现出更低的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MFC）值。40℃的SFE-CO提取物严重影响了所检查酵母的超微结构。与20℃的SFE-CO提取物对癌细胞（A431）的IC50（333.87±1.8μg/mL）相比，40℃的SFE-CO提取物的IC50（98.87±1.26μg/mL）更低。使用40℃的SFE-CO提取物的伤口闭合率为84.08%，而使用20℃的SFE-CO提取物的伤口闭合率为71.27%。40℃和20℃通过SFE-CO获得的提取物均抑制脂肪酶，IC50值分别为15.77和28.14μg/mL。分子对接表明迷迭香酸是受试酵母的合适抑制剂。
