Jin Binbin, Wei Lingya, Duan Tianxiao, Wang Yinghong, Wang Huimin, Jin Hui
Institute of Disinfection and Vector Control, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Hangzhou Health Supervision Institution), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-Omics in Infection and Immunity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Mar 25;15:1566942. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1566942. eCollection 2025.
The Asian tiger mosquito () serves as a globally significant vector for arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. The extensive application of pyrethroid insecticides has led to a growing resistance in populations, thereby compromising mosquito control initiatives. This study examines the mechanisms underlying pyrethroid resistance and the related genetic mutations in within the framework of urbanization, with the objective of informing the development of effective control strategies.
larvae were sampled from five districts in Hangzhou, China, each characterized by different levels of urbanization. Resistance to beta-cypermethrin and permethrin were evaluated utilizing the World Health Organization (WHO) tube test methodology. Molecular analyses were conducted to identify mutations in the () gene, with a specific focus on the F1534S mutation. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation to assess the relationship between resistance levels and urbanization.
Populations of in Hangzhou demonstrated substantial resistance to pyrethroids, with mortality rates falling below 90%. Notably, the Binjiang District exhibited the lowest mortality rates, with 20.55% for beta-cypermethrin and 21.21% for permethrin, whereas Chun'an County displayed relatively higher mortality rates of 32.00% and 47.28%, respectively. The F1534S mutation was predominantly observed, with homozygous (S/S) mutations constituting 87.78% and 83.29% of the populations exposed to beta-cypermethrin and permethrin, respectively. Chi-square analyses confirmed a significant association between the F1534S mutation and resistance ( < 0.01). Furthermore, no significant correlation was identified between resistance levels and urbanization rates ( > 0.05), indicating that urbanization is not a primary factor contributing to resistance.
The F1534S mutation is pivotal in conferring pyrethroid resistance in . To enhance the effectiveness of mosquito control strategies, it is imperative to incorporate resistance monitoring, insecticide rotation, and non-chemical approaches. Additionally, further research is warranted to investigate alternative resistance mechanisms and the influence of urbanization on mosquito ecology.
白纹伊蚊是登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒等虫媒病毒在全球范围内的重要传播媒介。拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的广泛使用导致白纹伊蚊种群的抗药性不断增强，从而影响了蚊虫控制措施的效果。本研究在城市化背景下探究白纹伊蚊对拟除虫菊酯产生抗药性的机制及相关基因突变，旨在为制定有效的控制策略提供依据。
从中国杭州五个不同城市化水平的地区采集白纹伊蚊幼虫。采用世界卫生组织（WHO）的药管法评估幼虫对高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯的抗药性。进行分子分析以鉴定电压门控钠通道（vgsc）基因的突变，特别关注F1534S突变。使用Fisher精确检验、卡方检验和Pearson相关性分析对数据进行统计分析，以评估抗药性水平与城市化之间的关系。
杭州的白纹伊蚊种群对拟除虫菊酯表现出显著抗性，死亡率低于90%。值得注意的是，滨江区的死亡率最低，高效氯氰菊酯为20.55%，氯菊酯为21.21%，而淳安县的死亡率相对较高，分别为32.00%和47.28%。主要观察到F1534S突变，暴露于高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯的种群中，纯合（S/S）突变分别占87.78%和83.29%。卡方分析证实F1534S突变与抗药性之间存在显著关联（P<0.01）。此外，未发现抗药性水平与城市化率之间存在显著相关性（P>0.05），表明城市化不是导致抗药性的主要因素。
F1534S突变在白纹伊蚊对拟除虫菊酯产生抗药性中起关键作用。为提高蚊虫控制策略的有效性，必须纳入抗药性监测、杀虫剂轮换和非化学方法。此外，有必要进一步研究其他抗药机制以及城市化对蚊虫生态的影响。
