Wulandari Fatqiatul, Naim Anisa Jannatin, Putri Ulfah Mahardika Pramono, Walker Anita Nyarkoa, Feng Qing
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2025 Apr 12. doi: 10.1038/s41366-025-01785-7.
To date, the effect of Ramadan fasting (RF) on anthropometric and body compositions remains inconsistent. This review aimed to investigate the impact of RF on anthropometric and body composition of healthy adults within different time points during and after RF. Qualified studies from MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL Complete, ProQuest, and Scopus were included. We involved prospective observational studies with pre- and post-test design. The anthropometric and body composition parameters consist of weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), absolute fat mass (FM), fat percentage (FP), fat-free mass (FFM), and total body water (TBW). Fifty-four studies involving 2857 subjects were identified and conducted in 21 countries between 1987 and 2024. RF exerts a significant reduction in weight and BMI, starting within the second and third week of RF, peaking in the first week after RF, and gradually returning to the pre-Ramadan value in the weeks afterward. Meanwhile, WC, HC, and WHR were significantly alleviated within the last week of RF and the first week post-RF for HC. In body composition, RF elicits a significant but small reduction of absolute FM and FP within the third and fourth week of RF, while FFM and TBW were not affected. During Ramadan, anthropometric and body composition changes are transient and elicit only a short-term effect. Such leverages need to be maintained to achieve a long-term benefit of RF on the anthropometric and body composition of healthy adults.
迄今为止，斋月禁食（RF）对人体测量指标和身体成分的影响仍不一致。本综述旨在研究斋月禁食对健康成年人在斋月期间及之后不同时间点的人体测量指标和身体成分的影响。纳入了来自MEDLINE、科学网、Embase、CINAHL Complete、ProQuest和Scopus的合格研究。我们纳入了采用前后测试设计的前瞻性观察性研究。人体测量指标和身体成分参数包括体重、体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、臀围（HC）、腰臀比（WHR）、绝对脂肪量（FM）、脂肪百分比（FP）、去脂体重（FFM）和总体水（TBW）。共确定了54项涉及2857名受试者的研究，这些研究于1987年至2024年期间在21个国家进行。斋月禁食会使体重和BMI显著下降，从斋月禁食的第二周和第三周开始，在斋月禁食后的第一周达到峰值，随后几周逐渐恢复到斋月前的水平。同时，腰围、臀围和腰臀比在斋月禁食的最后一周以及斋月禁食后第一周的臀围显著减小。在身体成分方面，斋月禁食会在斋月禁食的第三周和第四周使绝对脂肪量和脂肪百分比显著但小幅下降，而去脂体重和总体水不受影响。在斋月期间，人体测量指标和身体成分的变化是短暂的，只产生短期影响。需要维持这些影响，以实现斋月禁食对健康成年人的人体测量指标和身体成分的长期益处。
