Sun Qiaoqiao, Fan Jiajia, Zhao Lina, Qu Zhen, Dong Yao, Wu Ying, Gu Shaobin
College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China.
Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Material, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
Foods. 2025 Mar 14;14(6):989. doi: 10.3390/foods14060989.
BC99, a Gram-positive, spore-forming, lactic acid-producing bacterium is renowned for its resilience and health-promoting properties, BC99 survives harsh environments, including high temperatures and gastric acidity, enabling effective delivery to the intestines. The consequences of chronic sleep deprivation (SD) include memory deficits and gastrointestinal dysfunction. In this study, a chronic sleep deprivation cognitive impairment model was established by using a sleep deprivation instrument and BC99 was given by gavage for 4 weeks to explore the mechanism by which BC99 improves cognitive impairment in sleep-deprived mice. BC99 improved cognitive abnormalities in novel object recognition tests induced by chronic sleep deprivation and showed behavior related to spatial memory in the Morris water maze test. BC99 reduced the heart mass index of sleep-deprived mice, increased the sleep-related neurotransmitters 5-HT and DA, decreased corticosterone and norepinephrine, and increased alpha diversity and community similarity. It reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria such as , increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as and , and promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). BC99 also inhibits LPS translocation and the elevation of peripheral inflammatory factors by maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier and inhibiting the expression of the signaling pathway in the jejunum, thereby inhibiting the inflammasome in the brain of mice and reducing inflammatory factors in the brain, providing a favorable environment for the recovery of cognitive function. The present study confirmed that BC99 ameliorated cognitive impairment in chronic sleep-deprived mice by improving gut microbiota, especially by promoting SCFAs production and inhibiting the signaling pathway in the jejunum and brain. These findings may help guide the treatment of insomnia or other sleep disorders through dietary strategies.
BC99是一种革兰氏阳性、产芽孢、产乳酸的细菌，以其适应力和促进健康的特性而闻名。BC99能在恶劣环境中存活，包括高温和胃酸环境，从而能有效抵达肠道。慢性睡眠剥夺（SD）的后果包括记忆缺陷和胃肠功能障碍。在本研究中，使用睡眠剥夺仪器建立了慢性睡眠剥夺认知障碍模型，并对小鼠灌胃给予BC99 4周，以探究BC99改善睡眠剥夺小鼠认知障碍的机制。BC99改善了慢性睡眠剥夺诱导的新物体识别试验中的认知异常，并在莫里斯水迷宫试验中表现出与空间记忆相关的行为。BC99降低了睡眠剥夺小鼠的心脏质量指数，增加了与睡眠相关的神经递质5-羟色胺和多巴胺，降低了皮质酮和去甲肾上腺素，并增加了α多样性和群落相似性。它降低了诸如等有害细菌的丰度，增加了诸如和等有益细菌的丰度，并促进了短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的产生。BC99还通过维持肠道屏障的完整性并抑制空肠中信号通路的表达来抑制脂多糖易位和外周炎症因子的升高，从而抑制小鼠脑中的炎性小体并减少脑中的炎症因子，为认知功能的恢复提供有利环境。本研究证实，BC99通过改善肠道微生物群，特别是通过促进SCFAs的产生以及抑制空肠和脑中的信号通路，改善了慢性睡眠剥夺小鼠的认知障碍。这些发现可能有助于通过饮食策略指导失眠或其他睡眠障碍的治疗。
