Dose-dependent effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on C-reactive protein concentrations in cardiometabolic disorders: a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

BACKGROUND

Based on current knowledge, omega-3 fatty acids help to reduce the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP). However, the dose-response effect and the strength of this effect are not entirely clear.

METHODS

We systematically searched and screened databases to include eligible studies. This study incorporates a random effect, as well as dose-response meta-analyses using a restricted cubic spline model.

RESULTS

Forty randomized clinical trials were analyzed. Results demonstrated significant non-linear dose-response efficacy in the reduction of CRP concentration in patients with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension up to 1200 mg/day of EPA and DHA. In addition, there was a linear decrease in CRP concentration in the dyslipidemia population. The meta-analysis results did not show any significant reduction of CRP in overweight and obese participants, and the dose-response analysis failed to show any apparent reduction. In type 2 diabetes, pooling the results revealed a significant reduction in CRP; however, the combination of EPA and DHA failed to show significant dose-response efficacy in changing CRP concentration.

CONCLUSION

1200 mg/day of EPA and DHA may help to reduce CRP concentration in patients with cardiometabolic disorders. This reduction is clinically significant, and thus intervention with omega-3 fatty acids should be considered for this population.