Chandrasekhar Reddy Rachamreddy Venkata, Thodangala Naveena, Gonuguntla Hariprasad Naidu, Poojitha Govinda Udayar Sai, Chandaka Kavya Deepika, Gujjala Manasa, Palamuru Priyanka, Surendra Kota Sri Naga Leela, Sarangi Laxmi Narayan, Ponnanna Nadikerianda Muthappa
National Dairy Development Board Research and Development Laboratory, IIL Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India.
Braz J Microbiol. 2025 Apr 24. doi: 10.1007/s42770-025-01670-5.
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), is a significant economic challenge to the dairy industry worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuAHV1) in water buffaloes in India, a species crucial to the country's dairy industry. Extended frozen semen (EFS) from cattle and buffaloes was screened for ruminant herpesvirus using MDBK cell lines. Cytopathic effects (CPEs) indicative of herpesvirus infection were confirmed by real-time PCR targeting the gB gene. Phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein genes [UL27 (gB), UL44 (gC), US6 (gD), and US8 (gE)] identified three BuAHV1 isolates, which clustered with Brazilian strains. Serum samples collected from the infected bulls were positive in gB ELISA and negative in gE ELISA test. Cross-neutralization assays revealed that, the serum neutralized both the BoAHV1 and BuAHV1 viruses, with higher titres recorded for the BuAHV1 virus. Epidemiological analysis of IBR-positive serum samples (n = 677) by a differential ELISA indicated widespread BuAHV1 infection in buffaloes (29.6%) and cattle (6.6%). The results of the majority of the samples (54.1%) were inconclusive suggesting likely co-infection. The presence of both BoAHV1 and BuAHV1 was recorded in 24 out of the 39 farms studied. These findings underscore the need for further research to understand the epidemiology, pathogenic potential and impact of BuAHV1 on productivity in ruminants, facilitating the development of targeted control measures.
传染性牛鼻气管炎（IBR）由牛α疱疹病毒1型（BoAHV1）引起，是全球乳业面临的一项重大经济挑战。本研究调查了印度水牛中水牛α疱疹病毒1型（BuAHV1）的流行情况和特征，水牛对该国乳业至关重要。使用MDBK细胞系对牛和水牛的延长冷冻精液（EFS）进行反刍动物疱疹病毒筛查。通过靶向gB基因的实时PCR确认了指示疱疹病毒感染的细胞病变效应（CPE）。对糖蛋白基因[UL27（gB）、UL44（gC）、US6（gD）和US8（gE）]进行系统发育分析，鉴定出三株BuAHV1分离株，它们与巴西毒株聚集在一起。从感染公牛采集的血清样本在gB ELISA中呈阳性，在gE ELISA试验中呈阴性。交叉中和试验表明，该血清能中和BoAHV1和BuAHV1病毒，对BuAHV1病毒的中和效价更高。通过差异ELISA对IBR阳性血清样本（n = 677）进行流行病学分析，结果表明水牛（29.6%）和牛（6.6%）中广泛存在BuAHV1感染。大多数样本（54.1%）的结果不确定，提示可能存在共同感染。在所研究的39个农场中，有24个记录到同时存在BoAHV1和BuAHV1。这些发现强调需要进一步开展研究，以了解BuAHV1的流行病学、致病潜力及其对反刍动物生产力的影响，从而推动制定有针对性的控制措施。
