Yatsuda Mana, Furou Miyako, Kamachi Keiko, Sakamoto Kaori, Shoji Kumiko, Ishihara Osamu, Kagawa Yasuo
Nutrition Clinic, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-24-3 Komagome, Toshima, Tokyo 170-8481, Japan.
Institute of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado 350-0288, Japan.
Nutrients. 2025 Mar 20;17(6):1094. doi: 10.3390/nu17061094.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Adherence to treatment instructions is essential in managing chronic diseases related to obesity. One gene associated with adherence is the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) gene, which has long (L) and short (S) alleles, resulting in LL, SL, and SS genotypes. Risk alleles for obesity include the R variant of the β3-adrenergic receptor () and the G variant of uncoupling protein 1 (). This study aimed to evaluate whether the S/L variant of , the R variant of , and the G variant of are associated with adherence to a weight loss program. To assess the factors influencing adherence, eating behavior was evaluated using the Eating Behavior Questionnaire (EBQ).
This study included 56 well-educated and middle-class women with a mean age of 57.3 ± 10 years and a mean BMI of 27.2 ± 5.6 kg/m. Long-read sequencing was used to analyze S/L mutations. Participants followed a six-month diet and exercise regimen for obesity management. Outcomes were assessed using clinical data and EBQ scores. Adherence was objectively measured by the reduction in body fat percentage.
Participants were classified as SS (69.6%), SL (17.9%), or LL (12.5%). The R variant of was present in 34% of participants, with the G variant of in 75%. After the intervention, SS participants showed significantly greater reductions in weight and body fat percentage than LL participants ( < 0.05). Among EBQ items, significant improvements ( < 0.05) were observed in SS participants for eating as a diversion, feeling of fullness, bad eating habits, unsteady eating patterns, and total EBQ score. In SL participants, only bad eating habits improved, whereas no significant changes were observed in LL participants. Obesity risk alleles did not significantly affect clinical outcomes, though there may be small number bias.
SS genotype participants demonstrated higher adherence to the weight loss program, leading to improved clinical outcomes and EBQ scores, independent of obesity risk genes.
背景/目的：遵循治疗指导对于管理与肥胖相关的慢性疾病至关重要。一个与依从性相关的基因是血清素转运体（5-HTTLPR）基因，它有长（L）和短（S）等位基因，产生LL、SL和SS基因型。肥胖的风险等位基因包括β3-肾上腺素能受体的R变体和解偶联蛋白1的G变体。本研究旨在评估血清素转运体基因的S/L变体、β3-肾上腺素能受体的R变体和解偶联蛋白1的G变体是否与减肥计划的依从性相关。为了评估影响依从性的因素，使用饮食行为问卷（EBQ）对饮食行为进行评估。
本研究纳入了56名受过良好教育的中产阶级女性，她们的平均年龄为57.3±10岁，平均体重指数为27.2±5.6kg/m²。使用长读测序分析S/L突变。参与者遵循为期六个月的饮食和运动方案以管理肥胖。使用临床数据和EBQ评分评估结果。通过体脂百分比的降低客观地衡量依从性。
参与者被分类为SS（69.6%）、SL（17.9%）或LL（12.5%）。34%的参与者存在β3-肾上腺素能受体的R变体，75%的参与者存在解偶联蛋白1的G变体。干预后，SS参与者的体重和体脂百分比下降幅度明显大于LL参与者（P<0.05）。在EBQ项目中，SS参与者在将饮食作为消遣、饱腹感、不良饮食习惯、不稳定的饮食模式和总EBQ评分方面有显著改善（P<0.05）。在SL参与者中，只有不良饮食习惯得到改善，而LL参与者没有观察到显著变化。肥胖风险等位基因虽可能存在少量偏差，但未对临床结果产生显著影响。
SS基因型参与者对减肥计划的依从性更高，从而改善了临床结果和EBQ评分，这与肥胖风险基因无关。
