Shabalala Samukelisiwe C, Johnson Rabia, Basson Albertus K, Ziqubu Khanyisani, Hlengwa Nokulunga, Mthembu Sinenhlanhla X H, Mabhida Sihle E, Mazibuko-Mbeje Sithandiwe E, Hanser Sidney, Cirilli Ilenia, Tiano Luca, Dludla Phiwayinkosi V
Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Oct 20;11(10):2071. doi: 10.3390/antiox11102071.
Lipid peroxidation, including its prominent byproducts such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), has long been linked with worsened metabolic health in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In fact, patients with T2D already display increased levels of lipids in circulation, including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, which are easily attacked by reactive oxygen molecules to give rise to lipid peroxidation. This process severely depletes intracellular antioxidants to cause excess generation of oxidative stress. This consequence mainly drives poor glycemic control and metabolic complications that are implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. The current review explores the pathological relevance of elevated lipid peroxidation products in T2D, especially highlighting their potential role as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in disease severity. In addition, we briefly explain the implication of some prominent antioxidant enzymes/factors involved in the blockade of lipid peroxidation, including termination reactions that involve the effect of antioxidants, such as catalase, coenzyme Q, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as vitamins C and E.
脂质过氧化，包括其主要副产物如丙二醛（MDA）和4-羟基-2-壬烯醛（4-HNE），长期以来一直与2型糖尿病（T2D）患者代谢健康恶化有关。事实上，T2D患者循环中的脂质水平已经升高，包括低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯，它们很容易受到活性氧分子的攻击，从而引发脂质过氧化。这个过程会严重消耗细胞内的抗氧化剂，导致氧化应激过度产生。这种结果主要导致血糖控制不佳和代谢并发症，而这些与心血管疾病的发生有关。本综述探讨了T2D中脂质过氧化产物升高的病理相关性，特别强调了它们作为疾病严重程度的生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜在作用。此外，我们简要解释了一些参与阻断脂质过氧化的重要抗氧化酶/因子的作用，包括涉及抗氧化剂作用的终止反应，如过氧化氢酶、辅酶Q、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶，以及维生素C和E。
