Wu Yixuan, Kong Wenhua, Zhang Yijie, Lu Sha, Liu Manqing
Department of Pathogen and Immunology Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wuhan 430021 HubeiChina.
Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wuhan 430021 HubeiChina.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2024 May 25;2024:5528986. doi: 10.1155/2024/5528986. eCollection 2024.
In late 2019, several medical institutions in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, reported cases of unexplained pneumonia. A novel coronavirus was isolated from human airway epithelial cells causing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). In recent years, many nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been implemented to stop COVID-19 epidemic. This study aimed to explore the effect of NPIs on the circulation of avian influenza virus (AIV) in Wuhan.
External environmental samples were collected and subjected to viral RNA extraction. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the H5, H7, and H9 subtypes of AIV. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression in SPSS 20.0 software.
A total of 2,451 external environmental samples were collected from seven districts from 2018 to 2022 in Wuhan, comprising 1,041 samples collected before COVID-19 and 1,410 samples after COVID-19. After COVID-19, the positive rate of AIV decreased significantly with the implementation of NPIs. The dominant subtype was the H9 subtype, followed by the H5 subtype. The positive rates of AIV in live poultry markets and poultry free-range sites were reduced significantly through the implementation of NPIs. Among the different sample types, higher positive rates of AIV were found in chopping boards, sewage, and cages. The positive rate of AIV was higher in trafficked source samples than that in autotrophic source samples.
This study identified the characteristics of AIV in terms of different districts, surveillance sites, sample types, and bird sources in Wuhan. This study conducted a multifactorial analysis of the factors affecting AIV infection and provided a theoretical basis and guidance for the future prevention and control of AIV in Wuhan.
2019年末，中国湖北省武汉市的多家医疗机构报告了不明原因肺炎病例。从人类气道上皮细胞中分离出一种新型冠状病毒，引发了2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。近年来，为阻止COVID-19疫情，实施了许多非药物干预措施（NPIs）。本研究旨在探讨NPIs对武汉市禽流感病毒（AIV）传播的影响。
采集外部环境样本并进行病毒RNA提取。采用实时定量聚合酶链反应检测AIV的H5、H7和H9亚型。使用SPSS 20.0软件中的卡方检验和二元逻辑回归进行统计分析。
2018年至2022年期间，从武汉市七个区共采集了2451份外部环境样本，其中包括COVID-19之前采集的1041份样本和COVID-19之后采集的1410份样本。COVID-19之后，随着NPIs的实施，AIV的阳性率显著下降。优势亚型为H9亚型，其次是H5亚型。通过实施NPIs，活禽市场和家禽放养场所的AIV阳性率显著降低。在不同样本类型中，案板、污水和笼子中的AIV阳性率较高。贩运来源样本中的AIV阳性率高于自养来源样本。
本研究确定了武汉市不同区、监测地点、样本类型和鸟类来源的AIV特征。本研究对影响AIV感染的因素进行了多因素分析，为武汉市未来AIV的防控提供了理论依据和指导。
