Allahi Somayeh, Abedi Amin, Kumleh Hassan Hassani, Sohani M Mehdi
Department of plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Genetica. 2025 May 3;153(1):18. doi: 10.1007/s10709-025-00235-6.
Aldehydes are reactive compounds that play crucial roles in various metabolic processes within plants. However, their accumulation can lead to toxic effects, Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) represent a diverse family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. ALDHs help mitigate the toxic effects of these compounds and maintain cellular homeostasis in plants. In this study, a bioinformatics analysis of the Medicago truncatula genome identified 27 MtALDHs, which were classified into ten distinct groups based on their phylogenetic relationships. The distribution of these families across the chromosomes of M. truncatula is uneven, with segmental duplications being the primary factor contributing to the expansion of this gene family within the species. The gene structure and motif analysis within each ALDH family in M. truncatula, along with its orthologous genes in Arabidopsis, exhibits a high degree of conservation. The promoter region analysis of these genes reveals a rich abundance of cis-regulatory elements that respond to various environmental stresses and hormones. Furthermore, examination of the expression patterns of MtALDH genes using available microarray data indicated that several of these genes exhibit high expression levels throughout all developmental stages in M. truncatula. Additionally, some genes display tissue-specific expression and are induced in response to salt stress, suggesting a significant role for these genes in growth processes and stress responses within M. truncatula. The findings from this study provide essential insights and data necessary for the functional evaluation of each MtALDH gene during developmental stages and in response to environmental stresses.
醛类是具有反应活性的化合物，在植物的各种代谢过程中发挥着关键作用。然而，它们的积累会导致毒性效应。醛脱氢酶（ALDHs）是一类多样的酶家族，催化醛类氧化为羧酸。ALDHs有助于减轻这些化合物的毒性效应，并维持植物细胞的稳态。在本研究中，对蒺藜苜蓿基因组进行的生物信息学分析鉴定出27个蒺藜苜蓿醛脱氢酶（MtALDHs），根据它们的系统发育关系可分为十个不同的组。这些家族在蒺藜苜蓿染色体上的分布不均匀，片段重复是该基因家族在物种内扩展的主要因素。蒺藜苜蓿中每个ALDH家族的基因结构和基序分析，以及其在拟南芥中的直系同源基因，都显示出高度的保守性。对这些基因的启动子区域分析揭示了丰富的顺式调控元件，这些元件对各种环境胁迫和激素作出反应。此外，利用现有的微阵列数据检查MtALDH基因的表达模式表明，其中几个基因在蒺藜苜蓿的所有发育阶段都表现出高表达水平。此外，一些基因表现出组织特异性表达，并在盐胁迫下被诱导，这表明这些基因在蒺藜苜蓿的生长过程和胁迫反应中发挥着重要作用。本研究的结果为在发育阶段和应对环境胁迫时对每个MtALDH基因进行功能评估提供了重要的见解和必要的数据。
