Gebreyes Demissew Shenkute, Kifetew Kifle, Gizaw Aragaw, Abebe Tsegahun Asfaw, Shenkutie Tassew Tefera, Genetu Deribew, Yitayew Berhanu, Hailu Awraris
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia.
Debre Berhan Blood Bank Debre Berhan Ethiopia.
Health Sci Rep. 2025 May 5;8(5):e70769. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70769. eCollection 2025 May.
Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) pose a significant threat to patients requiring blood transfusion. The prevalence of TTIs among blood donors reflects the broader burden of infections within populations. Therefore, assessing the prevalence of TTIs among voluntary blood donors is crucial for informing effective prevention and control strategies in the community.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2022 to July 2022. Sociodemographic and related data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. A venous blood sample (5 mL) was drawn from each blood donor into sterile test tubes, and serum was separated through centrifugation. The serum samples were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to detect hepatitis B Virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 and summarized in tables and figures.
A total of 538 participants were enrolled in the study, with an overall prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) at 7.4% ( = 40). Syphilis exhibited the highest prevalence at 3% ( = 16), followed by HBV at 2% ( = 11). The prevalence of HCV and HIV was 1.3% ( = 7) and 1.1% ( = 6), respectively. Significant factors associated with HBV seroprevalence included the donation site at Debre Berhan [AOR = 24.18, 95% CI: 1.98-295.14, = 0.01] and the presence of body tattoos [AOR = 19.1, 95% CI: 4.0-89.8, ≤ 0.01]. Male sex was significantly associated with syphilis infections [AOR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.23-11.61, = 0.03].
This study highlighted the high prevalence of TTIs among blood donors. To prevent and control the transmission of TTIs within the population, strict donor screening protocols, improved diagnostic methods, and enhanced awareness about infection transmission should be implemented.
输血传播感染（TTIs）对需要输血的患者构成重大威胁。献血者中输血传播感染的流行情况反映了人群中感染的总体负担。因此，评估自愿献血者中输血传播感染的流行情况对于制定有效的社区预防和控制策略至关重要。
于2022年4月至2022年7月进行了一项横断面研究。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集社会人口学及相关数据。从每位献血者采集5毫升静脉血至无菌试管中，通过离心分离血清。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测血清样本中的乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和梅毒。使用SPSS 25版进行数据分析，并汇总成表格和图表。
共有538名参与者纳入本研究，输血传播感染（TTIs）的总体患病率为7.4%（n = 40）。梅毒患病率最高，为3%（n = 16），其次是HBV，为2%（n = 11）。HCV和HIV的患病率分别为1.3%（n = 7）和1.1%（n = 6）。与HBV血清阳性率相关的显著因素包括德布雷伯尔汉的献血地点[AOR = 24.18，95%CI：1.98 - 295.14，p = 0.01]和有纹身[AOR = 19.1，95%CI：4.0 - 89.8，p≤0.01]。男性与梅毒感染显著相关[AOR = 3.78，95%CI：1.23 - 11.61，p = 0.03]。
本研究突出了献血者中输血传播感染的高患病率。为预防和控制人群中输血传播感染的传播，应实施严格的献血者筛查方案、改进诊断方法并提高对感染传播的认识。
