Thakur Sanjay K, Sinha Anil K, Sharma Santosh K, Jahan Aarzoo, Negi Dinesh K, Gupta Ruchika, Singh Sompal
Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical College, North Delhi 110007, Delhi, India.
Department of Zoology, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara 802301, Bihar, India.
World J Virol. 2025 Mar 25;14(1):96098. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.96098.
Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood products. In India, screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-I/II, malaria, and syphilis is mandatory before blood transfusions. Worldwide, HCV, HBV, and HIV are the leading viruses causing mortality, affecting millions of people globally, including those with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV. Studies highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risks, such as liver cirrhosis, cancer, and other diseases in individuals with chronic HBV. Globally, millions of blood donations take place annually, emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood safety.
To study the prevalence of TTIs, viz., HBV, HCV, HIV I/II, syphilis, and malaria parasite (MP), among different blood donor groups.
The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi, India. Groups included total donors, in-house donors, total camp donors, institutional camp donors, and community camp donors. Tests for HIV, HBV, and HCV were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card methods. The prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis, expressed as percentages. Differences in infection rates between the groups were analyzed using ² tests and -values (less than 0.05).
The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in Delhi. The overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%, and the frequencies of HBV, HCV, HIV-I/II, venereal disease research laboratory, and MP were 1.048%, 0.425%, 0.221%, 0.377%, and 0.0024%, respectively. In-house donors, representing 37656 donors, had the highest transfusion transmissible infection (TTI) prevalence at 2.167%. Among total camp donors (4502 donors), TTIs were identified in 1.266% of donors, while community camp donors (2439 donors) exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%. Institutional camp donors (2063 donors) had the lowest TTI prevalence at 0.921%. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in overall TTI prevalence, with total and in-house donors exhibiting higher rates compared to camp donors.
Ongoing monitoring and effective screening programs are essential for minimizing TTIs. Customizing blood safety measures for different donor groups and studying socio-economic-health factors is essential to improving blood safety.
输血传播感染（TTIs）是通过受污染的血液或血液制品传播的疾病。在印度，输血前必须对乙肝病毒（HBV）、丙肝病毒（HCV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）-I/II、疟疾和梅毒等输血传播感染进行筛查。在全球范围内，HCV、HBV和HIV是导致死亡的主要病毒，影响着全球数百万人，包括HIV/HCV和HIV/HBV合并感染的患者。研究强调了输血传播感染对预期寿命和健康风险的影响，如慢性乙肝患者的肝硬化、癌症和其他疾病。全球每年有数百万次献血，这凸显了维持血液安全的重要性。
研究不同献血者群体中输血传播感染（即HBV、HCV、HIV I/II、梅毒和疟原虫（MP））的流行情况。
该研究评估了印度德里不同献血者群体中输血传播感染的流行情况。群体包括总献血者、内部献血者、总营地献血者、机构营地献血者和社区营地献血者。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法进行HIV、HBV和HCV检测，而梅毒检测采用快速血浆反应素和MP快速卡片法。HBV、HCV、HIV和梅毒的流行率以百分比表示。使用卡方检验和P值（小于0.05）分析各组感染率的差异。
该研究评估了德里42158名献血者中的输血传播感染情况。总献血者中输血传播感染的总体累积频率为2.071%，HBV、HCV、HIV-I/II、性病研究实验室和MP的频率分别为1.048%、0.425%、0.221%、0.377%和0.0024%。代表37656名献血者的内部献血者的输血传播感染（TTI）流行率最高，为2.167%。在总营地献血者（4502名献血者）中，1.266%的献血者被检测出输血传播感染，而社区营地献血者（2439名献血者）的流行率为1.558%。机构营地献血者（2063名献血者）的TTI流行率最低，为0.921%。统计分析显示，总体TTI流行率存在显著差异，总献血者和内部献血者的感染率高于营地献血者。
持续监测和有效的筛查计划对于最大限度地减少输血传播感染至关重要。针对不同献血者群体定制血液安全措施并研究社会经济-健康因素对于提高血液安全至关重要。
