Xu Jingyi, Wang Lihua, Liang Yuan, Shen Qi, Tu Wenmiao, Cheng Zhengxiao, Hu Lu, Wang Yi-Hong, Li Jieqin
College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, China.
International Joint Research Center of Forage Bio-Breeding in Anhui Province, Chuzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Apr 24;16:1430141. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1430141. eCollection 2025.
A whole plant can be regenerated through tissue culture from an embryogenic callus in a process referred to as plant regeneration. Regeneration ability of embryogenic callus is a quantitative trait and the main limiting factor for genetic studies in sorghum.
We evaluated 236 sorghum mini core varieties for callus induction rate, embryogenic callus rate, callus browning rate and differentiation rate and performed a multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the four traits with 6,094,317 SNPs.
We found five mini core varieties most amenable to tissue culture manipulations: IS5667, IS24503, IS8348, IS4698, and IS5295.Furthermore, we mapped 34 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) to the four traits and identified 47 candidate genes. Previous studies provided evidence for the orthologs of 14 of these genes for their role in cellular function and embryogenesis and that the ortholog of WIND1 (WOUND INDUCED DEDIFFERENTIATION 1) identified in this study promotes callus formation and increases de novo shoot regeneration.
These candidate genes will help to further understand the genetic basis of plant embryonic callus regeneration.
通过组织培养，胚性愈伤组织可实现整株植物再生，此过程称为植物再生。胚性愈伤组织的再生能力是一个数量性状，也是高粱遗传研究的主要限制因素。
我们评估了236个高粱微型核心品种的愈伤组织诱导率、胚性愈伤组织率、愈伤组织褐化率和分化率，并利用6,094,317个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）对这四个性状进行了多位点全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。
我们发现了五个最适合进行组织培养操作的微型核心品种：IS5667、IS24503、IS8348、IS4698和IS5295。此外，我们将34个数量性状位点（QTL）定位到这四个性状上，并鉴定出47个候选基因。先前的研究为其中14个基因的直系同源基因在细胞功能和胚胎发生中的作用提供了证据，且本研究中鉴定出的WIND1（伤口诱导去分化1）直系同源基因促进愈伤组织形成并增加从头再生芽的能力。
这些候选基因将有助于进一步了解植物胚胎愈伤组织再生的遗传基础。
