伊朗健康人群和患病人群中口腔人乳头瘤病毒的患病率：一项系统评价和荟萃分析。
Prevalence of oral HPV in healthy and lesion-bearing populations in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Baher Mohammadreza Kashefi, Moscowchi Anahita, Atarbashi-Moghadam Saede
机构信息
Health Research Center, Chamran Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Dental Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2025 May 9;25(1):699. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06085-0.
BACKGROUND
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent sexually transmitted virus associated with various oral lesions. While oral HPV infections are common, there is a lack of comprehensive data on its prevalence in regions like Iran. This study aims to assess the prevalence of oral HPV infection in the Iranian population, comparing healthy individuals to those with oral lesions, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and benign lesions.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, supplemented by manual search using google scholar and observational studies (case-control, cross-sectional, and case series) were included if they reported the prevalence of oral HPV infection in Iran. Data synthesis performed to calculate pooled prevalence rates, subgroup analyses by lesion type, and HPV subtype distribution.
RESULTS
Of 85 screened studies, 48 were included in the qualitative synthesis, with 36 focused on lesion-bearing patients and 19 on healthy individuals. The overall prevalence of oral HPV infection was 18.3%, with a higher prevalence in lesion-bearing patients (27.1%) compared to healthy individuals (8.2%). The highest prevalence was observed in patients with OSCC (22.7%) and OPMDs (31.2%). HPV-16 was the most common subtype in both groups. A meta-regression analysis revealed a significant association between female sex and HPV detection. Comparative analysis showed significantly higher odds of HPV detection in individuals with oral lesions (OR = 4.78).
CONCLUSIONS
Oral HPV infection is significantly more prevalent in individuals with oral lesions, especially for HPV-16 and HPV-18. This highlights the importance of HPV in oral health and underscores the need for multidisciplinary efforts to optimize interventions and reduce HPV-related oral disease burden, particularly in regions like Iran.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study is registered with PROSPERO (Registration No. CRD42025641087).
背景
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是一种常见的性传播病毒，与多种口腔病变相关。虽然口腔HPV感染很常见，但在伊朗等地区缺乏关于其患病率的全面数据。本研究旨在评估伊朗人群中口腔HPV感染的患病率，比较健康个体与患有口腔病变的个体，包括口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）、口腔潜在恶性疾病（OPMD）和良性病变。
方法
按照PRISMA指南进行系统评价和荟萃分析。在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science上进行了全面检索，并通过谷歌学术进行手动检索进行补充。如果研究报告了伊朗口腔HPV感染的患病率，则纳入观察性研究（病例对照、横断面和病例系列）。进行数据合成以计算合并患病率、按病变类型进行亚组分析以及HPV亚型分布。
结果
在85项筛选研究中，48项纳入了定性合成，其中36项关注有病变的患者，19项关注健康个体。口腔HPV感染的总体患病率为18.3%，有病变的患者（27.1%）比健康个体（8.2%）患病率更高。在OSCC患者（22.7%）和OPMD患者（31.2%）中观察到最高患病率。HPV-16是两组中最常见的亚型。荟萃回归分析显示女性性别与HPV检测之间存在显著关联。比较分析显示，有口腔病变的个体中HPV检测的几率显著更高（OR = 4.78）。
结论
口腔HPV感染在有口腔病变的个体中明显更为普遍，尤其是HPV-16和HPV-18。这凸显了HPV在口腔健康中的重要性，并强调了多学科努力优化干预措施和减轻HPV相关口腔疾病负担的必要性，特别是在伊朗等地区。
试验注册
本研究已在PROSPERO注册（注册号CRD42025641087）。
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