Alhouei Barbod, Eslamian Ghazaleh, Mohtadi Mahshad
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran.
Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran.
Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2025 Apr 30;30(2):101-109. doi: 10.3746/pnf.2025.30.2.101.
Among organ transplant operations, liver transplantation (LTX) has one of the highest risks of postoperative infection. This study aimed to systematically review the current evidence on the use of probiotics and synbiotics in reducing the incidence of postoperative infections in liver transplant recipients. A systematic search was performed to identify studies that investigated the role of probiotics and synbiotics in reducing postoperative infection rates in liver transplant recipients. Eight studies that qualified were included in the review. The results showed that probiotics and synbiotics effectively reduced the overall infection rates in liver transplant patients compared with the placebo or control groups. This positive effect might be attributed to improved intestinal barrier function, gut microbiota restoration, and decreased inflammation. Furthermore, probiotic treatment was associated with shorter durations of antibiotic use and hospital stays. The use of probiotics and synbiotics after LTX holds promise in decreasing postoperative infections and providing substantial advantages for patients. Probiotics have been shown to boost the levels of beneficial bacterial, decrease inflammation, fortify the intestinal barrier, lessen oxidative stress, and improve the generation of anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids. However, more extensive research is needed to identify the most effective probiotic strains and evaluate their effectiveness in this specific patient demographic.
在器官移植手术中，肝移植（LTX）是术后感染风险最高的手术之一。本研究旨在系统评价益生菌和合生元在降低肝移植受者术后感染发生率方面的现有证据。进行了系统检索，以确定研究益生菌和合生元在降低肝移植受者术后感染率中作用的研究。八项符合条件的研究被纳入综述。结果表明，与安慰剂组或对照组相比，益生菌和合生元能有效降低肝移植患者的总体感染率。这种积极作用可能归因于肠道屏障功能的改善、肠道微生物群的恢复以及炎症的减轻。此外，益生菌治疗与抗生素使用时间缩短和住院时间缩短有关。肝移植后使用益生菌和合生元有望减少术后感染，并为患者带来诸多益处。益生菌已被证明可提高有益菌水平、减轻炎症、强化肠道屏障、减轻氧化应激，并改善抗炎性短链脂肪酸的生成。然而，需要更广泛的研究来确定最有效的益生菌菌株，并评估它们在这一特定患者群体中的有效性。
