Zhang Zhen, Fan Xinxin, Zhang Rumeng, Pan Xinghui, Zhang Xuexue, Ding Yi, Liu Ying
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138530. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138530. Epub 2025 May 7.
Plastic pollution poses significant ecological and health risks. In this study, we enriched microbial consortia from plastic-contaminated soil capable of degrading low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film over a 28-day incubation period. Using two kinds of enriched cultures, the mean film weight loss rate (WLR) of 0.27 ± 0.04 % (p < 0.01) was 9 times higher than the control. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a average hole occurrence area of 0.67 ± 0.11 μm in the topmost sample, while the control had no change. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) revealed specific changes in hydrophilicity (increased by 5.70 ± 0.02 times) and crystallinity (decreased by 15.73 ± 3.26 %). Meanwhile, FTIR analyses including peak occurrence at 3741 cm, carbonyl index and Lambert-Beer law calculations revealed moisture infiltration and predominant aldehyde carbonyl formation (88.69 % in total carbonyl). The results of high-throughput sequencing indicated Brevibacillus, Bacillus and Sporosarcina were dominate genera in the mixed-cultures, and PICRUSt2 implied they could use LDPE as the sole carbon source. Our study aims to provided theoretical basis driving plastic degradation and to mitigate plastic pollution based on microbial resource development.
塑料污染带来了重大的生态和健康风险。在本研究中，我们从受塑料污染的土壤中富集了微生物群落，这些微生物群落在28天的培养期内能够降解低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）薄膜。使用两种富集培养物，平均薄膜失重率（WLR）为0.27±0.04%（p<0.01），比对照组高9倍。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示，最上层样品的平均孔洞出现面积为0.67±0.11μm，而对照组没有变化。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）显示亲水性有特定变化（增加了5.70±0.02倍）和结晶度（降低了15.73±3.26%）。同时，包括在3741cm处出现的峰、羰基指数和朗伯-比尔定律计算在内的FTIR分析揭示了水分渗透和主要醛羰基的形成（占总羰基的88.69%）。高通量测序结果表明，短芽孢杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属和嗜盐芽孢杆菌属是混合培养物中的优势属，PICRUSt2表明它们可以将LDPE作为唯一碳源。我们的研究旨在为塑料降解提供理论依据，并基于微生物资源开发减轻塑料污染。
