Liszka Justyna, Dymińska Lucyna, Łaba Wojciech, Wróbel-Kwiatkowska Magdalena
Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 6;26(9):4396. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094396.
Flax ( L.) is a plant of high economic and practical importance valued for its fiber and oil, which have diverse applications in industries such as textiles, food, pharmaceuticals, and construction. Fungal pathogens of the genus , however, pose one of the most serious threats to flax cultivation. They are responsible for a number of disease manifestations, notably wilt and root rot. In the case of fusariosis, there is a lack of plant protection products, and often the only effective approach is to use resistant flax cultivars or to discontinue cultivation for several years. Currently, much attention is paid to biological methods of plant protection, which do not exert a negative influence on the environment or human health and are important for sustainable agriculture. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of the non-pathogenic endophytic fungal strain Fo47 in protecting plants against pathogenic fungi. The results showed that pretreatment of flax plants with Fo47 increased resistance of plants to all tested fungi (, , ). Fo47 was the most effective for protection against for the Jan flax cultivar and for the Bukoz cultivar. Pretreatment with Fo47 of flax plants inoculated with caused an increase in the level of secondary metabolites involved in plant resistance (phenolics) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) compared to plants treated only with the pathogenic fungal strain. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed structural changes in the polymers of cell walls. The highest intensities of vibrations characteristic of lignin and pectin were observed for flax treated with Fo47 and infected with , suggesting the highest level of these polymers, higher than in plants treated only with pathogenic fungi. Thus, it can be concluded that application of the non-pathogenic strain strengthened the immune response of flax plants. These results highlight the strong potential of the non-pathogenic strain as a biological control agent, especially for infection in flax.
亚麻（L.）是一种具有高度经济和实际重要性的植物，因其纤维和油而受到重视，它们在纺织、食品、制药和建筑等行业有多种应用。然而，该属的真菌病原体对亚麻种植构成了最严重的威胁之一。它们会引发多种病害表现，尤其是枯萎病和根腐病。在镰刀菌病的情况下，缺乏植物保护产品，通常唯一有效的方法是使用抗性亚麻品种或停止种植数年。目前，人们非常关注植物保护的生物方法，这些方法对环境或人类健康没有负面影响，对可持续农业很重要。本研究的目的是评估非致病性内生真菌菌株Fo47保护植物免受致病真菌侵害的潜力。结果表明，用Fo47预处理亚麻植株可提高植株对所有测试真菌（、、）的抗性。对于扬亚麻品种，Fo47对抵御最有效；对于布科兹品种，Fo47对抵御最有效。与仅用致病真菌菌株处理的植株相比，用Fo47预处理接种了的亚麻植株会使参与植物抗性的次生代谢产物（酚类物质）和光合色素（叶绿素a和b）水平增加。傅里叶变换红外光谱揭示了细胞壁聚合物的结构变化。在用Fo47处理并感染的亚麻中，观察到木质素和果胶特征振动的最高强度，表明这些聚合物的水平最高，高于仅用致病真菌处理的植株。因此，可以得出结论，应用非致病菌株增强了亚麻植株的免疫反应。这些结果突出了非致病菌株作为生物防治剂的强大潜力，尤其是对于亚麻中的感染。
