Konarska Agata, Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta, Materska Małgorzata, Sulborska-Różycka Aneta, Dmitruk Marta, Chilczuk Barbara
Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2025 May 7;30(9):2084. doi: 10.3390/molecules30092084.
The herb and flowers of yarrow () are sources of multiple bioactive secondary metabolites used in medicine and cosmetology. This study aimed to establish the location of phenolic compounds in tissues of flowers and stems of via light and fluorescence microscopy and histochemical assays. The spectrophotometric and HPLC methods were deployed to quantify total phenolic compounds (PC), phenolic acids, and flavonoids in extracts from flowers and herb, whereas the LC-QTOF-MS method was used for their qualitative analysis. The results demonstrated that PC occurred in external and internal tissues of yarrow stems, petals, and other parts of the flower, as well as in involucral bracts. Qualitative phytochemical analyses demonstrated ca. 16% more PC and flavonoids in flowers than in the herb. This analysis allowed identifying 48 PC. A higher number of PC was identified in flowers than in herbs, with rosmarinic acid followed by chlorogenic acid being the major polyphenols found in both sample types. One of the flavonoids, namely luteolin, was detected in significantly higher quantities in the flowers than in the herb. This study results provide new data on the location of PC in flowers and stems of as well as extend knowledge on their contents in the raw material of yarrow.
欧蓍草的草本和花朵是医学和美容领域中多种生物活性次生代谢产物的来源。本研究旨在通过光学显微镜和荧光显微镜以及组织化学分析，确定欧蓍草花朵和茎组织中酚类化合物的位置。采用分光光度法和高效液相色谱法对花朵和草本提取物中的总酚类化合物（PC）、酚酸和黄酮类化合物进行定量分析，而液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法用于定性分析。结果表明，PC存在于欧蓍草茎、花瓣、花朵其他部位以及总苞的外部和内部组织中。定性植物化学分析表明，花朵中的PC和黄酮类化合物比草本中的多约16%。该分析共鉴定出48种PC。花朵中鉴定出的PC数量多于草本，迷迭香酸和绿原酸是两种样品类型中主要的多酚。其中一种黄酮类化合物木犀草素在花朵中的含量明显高于草本。本研究结果提供了关于欧蓍草花朵和茎中PC位置的新数据，并扩展了对欧蓍草原料中PC含量的认识。
