Fiołka Marta J, Sofińska-Chmiel Weronika, Procházková Lenka, Mieszawska Sylwia, Dryglewska Magdalena, Skrzypiec Krzysztof, Wydrych Jerzy
Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University , Lublin, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 27;15(1):18578. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95754-9.
In the presented study, the cells of the glacial alga Ancylonema alaskanum collected in the Austrian Alps were analyzed. Algae were imaged both in their natural environment and in laboratory conditions using transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy. Using appropriate fluorochromes, the cell wall and cell organelles were studied. Oval nuclei located in the middle of the cell next to the chloroplasts and active mitochondria as well as lipid thylakoids of chloroplasts were imaged. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the algal cell wall was not significantly differentiated, and atomic force microscope imaging recorded little roughness. The SEM EDS analysis revealed that carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and magnesium were the main components of the cells. It is worth emphasizing that the analyzed living algal cells were obtained directly from the glacier surface and demonstrated normal respiratory processes i.e. undisturbed physiological functions. Additionally, the mineral material accompanying the cells in their natural environment - fragments of the rock were imaged by Differential Interference Contrast microscopy and analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The study provides new data on the morphology and physicochemical characteristics of A. alaskanum, contributing to a more comprehensive characterization of their place in this harsh ecosystem.
在本研究中，对采集自奥地利阿尔卑斯山的冰川藻类阿拉斯加弯丝藻（Ancylonema alaskanum）的细胞进行了分析。使用透射光显微镜和荧光显微镜，在自然环境和实验室条件下对藻类进行了成像。利用合适的荧光染料，对细胞壁和细胞器进行了研究。对位于细胞中部靠近叶绿体处的椭圆形细胞核、活跃的线粒体以及叶绿体的脂质类囊体进行了成像。扫描电子显微镜显示，藻细胞壁表面没有明显分化，原子力显微镜成像记录的粗糙度很小。扫描电子显微镜能谱分析表明，碳、氮、氧和镁是细胞的主要成分。值得强调的是，所分析的活藻细胞是直接从冰川表面获取的，并且显示出正常的呼吸过程，即生理功能未受干扰。此外，通过微分干涉对比显微镜对细胞在自然环境中所伴随的矿物物质——岩石碎片进行了成像，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱进行了分析。该研究提供了关于阿拉斯加弯丝藻形态和理化特性的新数据，有助于更全面地描述它们在这个恶劣生态系统中的地位。
